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" Essays on Shocks and Household in Developing Countries "
Albohmood, Zahra
Rockmore, Marc
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Latin Dissertation
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| Language of Document
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English
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| Record Number
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1104539
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| Doc. No
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TLpq2237712335
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| Main Entry
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Albohmood, Zahra
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Rockmore, Marc
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| Title & Author
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Essays on Shocks and Household in Developing Countries\ Albohmood, ZahraRockmore, Marc
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| College
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Clark University
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| Date
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2019
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| student score
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2019
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| Degree
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Ph.D.
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| Page No
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142
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| Abstract
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The first chapter of the dissertation uses the surge in drug-related violence in Mexico to study the effect of violent crime on married women’s decision-making. Using a fixed-effects regression model, we find that increased violence is associated with a reduction in women’s participation in household decision-making. Yet, the effect is small—at the average, it leads to women making 0.11 fewer decisions, a decrease of 1.2% relative to the baseline value. Further, the effect is short-lived—the effect of past homicides is not significant when controlling for current levels of violent crime. We find that violence is associated with higher probability of working and higher number of working hours for women, while men experience a reduction in their probability of working. This implies that our results are likely not due to changing norms or women losing economic power but rather women spending less time at home while men take on some of the household responsibilities. The second chapter, I study the sharp increase of violence experienced in Mexico after 2006, known as “The War on Drugs” and its effects on household savings. Using a standard difference-in differences (DID) model and data from the 2005–06 and 2009–12 waves of the Mexican Family Life Survey, I find that the surge in violence in Mexico after 2006 significantly increased household savings. This result is robust to different specifications and treatment assignments. I explore different ways in which violent crime may affect household savings. Estimations from DID specifications provide evidence that self-employed heads experienced positive and significant increase in their savings in response to increased violence. Furthermore, I show that the effects are more pronounced for head of households with lower education level. Finally, using a nationally representative household survey, the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) and difference in differences approach, I study whether the early life exposure to financial crisis affect psychological distress and personality traits in adulthood. I focus on early life influences because of the growing evidences that events before five years old can be have large long-term impacts on adult outcomes. The results show that early life exposure to crisis decrease the average score of mental health and the likelihood of severe depression for young cohort living in urban, Jakarta, and South Sumatra. I find that the main results of those living in Jakarta are driven by the effect of being male and having less educated father. The results of big five personality traits for young cohort who live in Jakarta is lower in conscientiousness and extraversion, who live in South Sumatra is higher in openness to experience, and those who live Java is lower in agreeableness compare to their counterparts.
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Economics
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Home economics
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Latin American Studies
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Southeast Asian studies
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