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" Characterizing Groundwater Storage Trend in Aquifer Basins in West Central Africa Using Grace Satellite Data "
Ukpebor, Osahon Paul
Seyoum, Wondwosen
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Latin Dissertation
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English
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| Record Number
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1058691
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| Doc. No
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TL57808
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| Main Entry
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Ukpebor, Osahon Paul
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| Title & Author
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Characterizing Groundwater Storage Trend in Aquifer Basins in West Central Africa Using Grace Satellite Data\ Ukpebor, Osahon PaulSeyoum, Wondwosen
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| College
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Illinois State University
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| Date
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2020
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| Degree
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M.S.
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2020
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| Note
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73 p.
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| Abstract
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The importance of groundwater cannot be over emphasized. This natural resource has sustained human life and support economic development for years. Nearly 2 billion people worldwide depend on groundwater for their daily need. It is estimated that by the year 2025 around 5 billion people, out of the total population of 8 billion people on earth, will be experiencing water stress, i.e., the deficit will be more than 20% of the available water resources. More specifically, in Africa, about 160 million people currently live underwater scarcity status. Therefore, it is imperative to know the amount of groundwater storage available to better manage this irreplaceable natural resource. This study presents an in depth analysis of the current available groundwater storage and trends in the two largest basins: Chad River and Niger River Basins in Africa. Satellite-based Terrestrial Water Storage (TWS) data from GRACE and global land surface models were used to investigate groundwater trend in the basins. In addition, monthly precipitation data from Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) with spatial resolution of 0.05o x 0.05o, which has a global coverage of (50o S and 50o N) were used. The Standard precipitation Index was used to evaluate the impact of climate extremes, for example drought on terrestrial water and groundwater storage in the basin. The Mann-Kendall and Sen’s slope statistical tools were used to detect the significant of trends in climate and hydrological data. The study area was first divided into two regions, highly populated and sparsely populated, then into four regions, very high, high, medium and low aquifer productivity regions. The result from this study shows that the highly populated and low aquifer productivity region receive the highest amount of rainfall but still shows present of drought. Overall, there is an increasing trend in groundwater storage in the study area.This research help to understand the role of climate change, human activities, drought, and increase in population to the groundwater storage trend in Niger and Chad Basin in Western Africa.
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| Descriptor
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Hydrologic sciences
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Seyoum, Wondwosen
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Illinois State University
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