Fines - Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE - مرکز و کتابخانه مطالعات اسلامی به زبان های اروپایی

منو

" Fines - Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE "
Ergene, Bogaç A.

Document Type	:	AL
Language of Document	:	English
Record Number	:	1061652
Doc. NO	:	ALei2049
Main Entry	:	Ergene, Bogaç A.
Title & Author	:	Fines - Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE\ Ergene, Bogaç A.
Publication Statement	:	Leiden: Brill
Title of Periodical	:	Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE
Note	:	(1,011 words)
Abstract	:	Fines are monetary penalties imposed by legal and administrative authorities for a variety of offences. Fines were commonly used as a form of punishment in the Middle East before the rise of Islam in the seventh century C.E. The Byzantines and Sāsānians regularly utilised fines as legal and administrative measures. The Qurʾān does not mention fines. In classical discussions of law, however, the fine was considered a form of taʿzīr , or discretionary punishment, although there were disagreements on this interpretation. Mālik b. Anas (d. 179/796) and al-Shāfiʿī (
Subject	:	Islam.
electronic file name	:	ALei2049.pdf