YAv. Spitiiura- and the Compositional Form of PIE *u̯r̥h1-en- ‘Lamb’ in Indo-Iranian

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" YAv. Spitiiura- and the Compositional Form of PIE *u̯r̥h1-en- ‘Lamb’ in Indo-Iranian "
Alexander Nikolaev

Document Type	:	AL
Record Number	:	1068905
Doc. No	:	LA112534
Call No	:	‭10.1163/15728536-06402003‬
Language of Document	:	English
Main Entry	:	Alexander Nikolaev
Title & Author	:	YAv. Spitiiura- and the Compositional Form of PIE *u̯r̥h1-en- ‘Lamb’ in Indo-Iranian [Article]\ Alexander Nikolaev
Publication Statement	:	Leiden: Brill
Title of Periodical	:	Indo-Iranian Journal
Date	:	2021
Volume/ Issue Number	:	64/2
Page No	:	145–162
Abstract	:	This paper argues that the second member of the Avestan compounded personal name Spitiiura- goes back to the Indo-Iranian word for ‘lamb’: Ved. úran-, Mod. Pers. barra. The name ‘having shining white lambs’ can be shown to have mythopoetic parallels in other Indo-European traditions. It is argued that the expected second member -u̯r̥h1n-ó- formed from simplex u̯r̥h1en- with a thematic suffix was analogically remodeled as -u̯r̥h1-ó- in pre-Indo-Iranian times: the model was provided by second members of compounds made from n-stems which lost the nasal due to the so-called “ašnō-rule”, e.g. Ved. víparva- made from péru̯on- or YAv. ka-mərəda- made from ml̥h3dhon-. Similar analogical remodeling is found in Ved. aṣṭavr̥ṣá- from vr̥ṣán- and many other cases. The compound further underwent a laryngeal loss by the so-called “νεογνός-rule” (cf. Ved. tuvigrá- ‘swallowing much’ < -gwr̥h3-ó-) and the resulting sequence -u̯r̥o- was resyllabified as -uro-. Therefore, Av. ºura- can represent a “compositional form” of PIE u̯r̥h1en- ‘lamb’ and Bartholomae’s analysis of Spitiiura- as ‘having shining white lambs’ may still carry the day. This paper argues that the second member of the Avestan compounded personal name Spitiiura- goes back to the Indo-Iranian word for ‘lamb’: Ved. úran-, Mod. Pers. barra. The name ‘having shining white lambs’ can be shown to have mythopoetic parallels in other Indo-European traditions. It is argued that the expected second member -u̯r̥h1n-ó- formed from simplex u̯r̥h1en- with a thematic suffix was analogically remodeled as -u̯r̥h1-ó- in pre-Indo-Iranian times: the model was provided by second members of compounds made from n-stems which lost the nasal due to the so-called “ašnō-rule”, e.g. Ved. víparva- made from péru̯on- or YAv. ka-mərəda- made from ml̥h3dhon-. Similar analogical remodeling is found in Ved. aṣṭavr̥ṣá- from vr̥ṣán- and many other cases. The compound further underwent a laryngeal loss by the so-called “νεογνός-rule” (cf. Ved. tuvigrá- ‘swallowing much’ < -gwr̥h3-ó-) and the resulting sequence -u̯r̥o- was resyllabified as -uro-. Therefore, Av. ºura- can represent a “compositional form” of PIE u̯r̥h1en- ‘lamb’ and Bartholomae’s analysis of Spitiiura- as ‘having shining white lambs’ may still carry the day.
Descriptor	:	ašnō-rule
Descriptor	:	etymology
Descriptor	:	Iranian mythology
Descriptor	:	laryngeal loss
Descriptor	:	personal names
Descriptor	:	possessive compounds
Descriptor	:	Purūravas
Descriptor	:	Spitiiura
Location & Call number	:	‭10.1163/15728536-06402003‬