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" The sustainability of small-scale tourism in Malaysia. "
Hamzah, Amran.
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Latin Dissertation
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| Record Number
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1095258
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| Doc. No
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TLets389253
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| Main Entry
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Hamzah, Amran.
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| Title & Author
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The sustainability of small-scale tourism in Malaysia.\ Hamzah, Amran.
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| College
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University of East Anglia
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| Date
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1997
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| student score
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1997
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| Degree
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Ph.D.
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| Abstract
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Small-scale tourism areas began in the 1970's as drifter enclaves that formed anetwork of budget tourist establishments separate, but parallel to mass tourism.During its infancy, small-scale tourism was suppressed by the government, fearingthe moral decadence allegedly associated with the influx of this type ofdevelopment. Over the past few years, however, such development has beenpromoted aggressively by the government, believing it to be a catalyst for ruraldevelopment.The phenomenal growth of small-scale tourism development in Malaysia wasinduced both by the growing popularity of alternative tourism in the West and theboom in domestic tourism. As the destination areas evolved, the drifters were beinggradually replaced by middle class foreign tourists mainly from Western Europe,Singaporeans and, lately, domestic tourists. While foreign tourists were attracted tothe kampung ambiance, domestic tourists chose these places due to the lack of otheraffordable alternatives to the luxury hotels. These conflicting demands are reflectedin the current supply of small-scale tourism development. While someestablishments have managed to maintain their distinct kampung image, many localoperators have sacrificed these in the construction of 'tourist factories' toaccommodate as many tourists as possible. More importantly, many of the localpeople have sold or leased their land to outside entrepreneurs due to the lack ofcapital.Using two case studies (Cherating and Pulau Langkawi), this research analysed theevolution of small-scale tourism in Malaysia in relation to the changing types oftourists and their motivation, the entrepreneurial process and the political/planninginfluences. It concludes that small-scale tourism development in Malaysia is a formof circumstantial alternative tourism that is equivalent to the incipient stage ofconventional mass tourism. Furthermore, it is not sustainable in terms of protectingthe environment, ensuring active local involvement and maintaining touristsatisfaction. Finally, it suggests that government intervention is essential to managethe growth of such developments o as to prevent the displacement/marginalisation ofthe local community; maintain its uniqueness and hence attractiveness of the tourismproduct; and prevent the destruction of the very resources in which developmentsdepend.
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| Subject
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Internal and EU commerce consumer affairs
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| Added Entry
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University of East Anglia
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