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" The assistance of the poor in Paris and in the north-eastern French province, 1614-1660, with special reference to the letters of St. Vincent de Paul "
Archer, Elizabeth
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Latin Dissertation
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| Record Number
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1098557
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TLets546715
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| Main Entry
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Archer, Elizabeth
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| Title & Author
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The assistance of the poor in Paris and in the north-eastern French province, 1614-1660, with special reference to the letters of St. Vincent de Paul\ Archer, Elizabeth
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| College
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London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London)
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| Date
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1936
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| student score
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1936
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| Degree
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Ph.D.
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| Abstract
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The epoch 1614-1660 forms a period of reconstructionfollowing on the anarchy of the Religious Wars, during which themedieva1 institutions of assistance, hospitals, schools, etc, smalland localised but probably meeting the needs of small, rural populationsfairly adequately, collapsed or degenerated.After 1614, assistance gras organised on modern lines, cateringfor a proletariat population on a pretty large scale. Hospitals, thoughmostly of private foundation, were administered by tam authorities.These maintained an ultra-conservative attitude towards medical problems,but in their approach to administrative problems followed modern lines.Improvements included: (a) the extension and improvement of wards, moreadequate supply of eater. (b) more careful grading, the erection ofisolation hospitals and convalescent hashes, provision of maternity wards.(a) the speoialleation'of the care of orphaned and abandoned children,( in Paris, first as a private venture in 1638, as a municipal institutionfrom 1670 ). This included the nursing of infants, the systematic supervisionof country foster-mothers, the teaching and apprenticing of olderchildren.The visiting of the siok-poor is their own hmes, initiatedby St. Vincent in country diatriots, was taken up by town parishes. The women of the " confraternities ' systematically prepared and distributedfood, linen and utensils. The companies were autonomous, butwere inspected annually and helped in emergencies by the ' Ladies ofCharity ' in Paris. St. Vinoent's letters mention 107 groups which heorganised, in addition to those of the Paris parishes. Mazy otherswere established on the same model. The need for trained workers forthe more technical duties, nursing in the home and in hospitals and theteaching of little girls, led to the evolution of the Sisters ofCharity ". In Paris, private ' Companies of Charity ' eked out themeagre provision of the ' Grand Bureau des Pauvres' in the distributionof out-relief to ' respectable poor', set up depots for the furnishingof shopkeepers and artisans with iaaterials, apprenticed children, andinspected the Paris schools catering for large numbers of poor childrenwho were provided with free dinners, clothes, etc. ( Note, the firstLabour Exchange dates from this period ).These companies organised relief on a very large scale for theintaded duchy of Lorraine, and for Paris and the provinces of Picardyend Champagne during the Fronde. The success of their relief-centresencouraged them to tackle the problem of the Paris vagrants, and the hugeGeneral-Hospital or workhouse was opened in 1655. In the following half-century, similar workhouses were established in most large towns, whilethe "Confraternities of Charity" were supposed to cater for rural poor.
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London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London)
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