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" The ideas of Wahdat al-Wujud in the poetry of 'Abd al-Qadir Bidil (Persian), Ibrahim Hakki Erzurumlu (Ottoman Turkish), and Hamzah Fansuri (Malay) "
H.-M. B. Haji-Ahmad
H. Algar
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Latin Dissertation
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English
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| Record Number
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1104019
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TLpq303670371
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| Main Entry
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H. Algar
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H.-M. B. Haji-Ahmad
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| Title & Author
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The ideas of Wahdat al-Wujud in the poetry of 'Abd al-Qadir Bidil (Persian), Ibrahim Hakki Erzurumlu (Ottoman Turkish), and Hamzah Fansuri (Malay)\ H.-M. B. Haji-AhmadH. Algar
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| College
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University of California, Berkeley
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| Date
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1989
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| student score
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1989
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| Degree
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Ph.D.
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| Page No
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414-414 p.
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| Abstract
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Sufism (Islamic mysticism) spread rapidly throughout all regions of the Islamic world. One of its chief doctrines was Wahdat al-Wujud (the Unity of Being) which is commonly associated with the name of Ibn 'Arabi The diffusion of this doctrine did not recognize borders of nationality, ethnic group, language or Sufi order. Its impact is reflected in both prose and poetry. This comparative study of an unexplored topic investigates how the doctrine was expounded by three Sufi-poets who were virtually contemporary but came from different backgrounds. The Naqshbandi Bidil (1054/1644-1133/1721), from the Subcontinent, wrote in Persian; the Qadiri-Naqshbandi Ibrahim Hakki (1115/1703-1194/1780), from Turkey, composed in Ottoman Turkish; and the Qadiri Hamzah (flourished ca. 1550-1600 C.E.), from the Malay Archipelago, versified in Malay. This study begins with a discussion of the relationship between Sufism and poetry. Then it traces the growth and development of the doctrine of Wahdat al-Wujud, focusing on five figures: al-Hallaj, Ibn 'Arabi, al-Jili, al-Nabulusi, and al-Balyani. Standard format is followed in the case of each literature. Before we discuss the biography of a poet and his poems, we explore how Sufism generally and Wahdat al-Wujud specifically developed in poetry in the language in question. An exception is made in the case of Bidil where, because of his tremendous literary impact, we also discuss the Indian Style (Sabk-i Hindi/). We discover many similarities and differences among various aspects of the Sufi-poets: the number of languages in which they could write poems, the amount of their works (prose and poetry), the use of pen name, the genres they employed while composing Wujudi poetry, their approaches to the doctrine (philosophical or psychological), the use of images and metaphors, the impact of local color on their poetry, how closely they followed Ibn 'Arabi their attitude towards al-Hallaj, their impacts on later writers, and the position or role of each poet as evaluated in his native literature.
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Asian literature
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Comparative literature
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Language, literature and linguistics
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Middle Eastern literature
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Philosophy, religion and theology
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Religion
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