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" Effects of Fusarium mycotoxins, fumonisin B(1) and moniliformin, on selected immune responses in broiler chicks and turkey poults "
Y.-C. Li
D. R. Ledoux
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Latin Dissertation
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| Language of Document
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English
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| Record Number
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1104030
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| Doc. No
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TLpq304444775
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| Main Entry
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D. R. Ledoux
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Y.-C. Li
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| Title & Author
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Effects of Fusarium mycotoxins, fumonisin B(1) and moniliformin, on selected immune responses in broiler chicks and turkey poults\ Y.-C. LiD. R. Ledoux
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| College
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University of Missouri - Columbia
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| Date
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1998
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| student score
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1998
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| Degree
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Ph.D.
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| Page No
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145-145 p.
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| Abstract
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The objectives of this project were to develop an immune assessment panel that would adequately evaluate the immune status of birds consuming mycotoxin contaminated diets, and to evaluate immune responses in chicks and turkeys, fed the Fusarium mycotoxins, fumonisin B (FB) and moniliformin (M), using this established panel of immune assays. A series of pilot studies were conducted to determine the optimum conditions for antibody (Ab) response to Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), lymphocyte proliferation, and bacterial clearance rate tests in both species. Results showed that the maximum Ab response was detected on day 7 post-injection, in chicks receiving 0.5 mL, and in poults receiving 0.25 mL NDV. Proliferative responses were greatest at concentrations of 20 mug ConA/mL and 10 mug PWM/mL in both species, and 2.5 and 5 mug LPS/mL in poults and chicks, respectively, after 48 h incubation at 40C. For the bacterial clearance study, a dose of 1 usd\times 10\sp6usd E. coli was cleared at 3 h post-inoculation in both species. These test conditions were chosen to be used in the following studies which were conducted to evaluate the effects of FB and M on immune responses in chicks and turkeys. For the FB study, chicks were randomly assigned to either 0, 50, 100, or 200 mg FB/kg diet, supplied byFusarium moniliforme culture material. At the end of the feeding period, chicks were tested for immune responses. Data indicated that FB decreased Ab response to NDV, lymphocyte proliferation, and bacterial clearance rate in chicks at the level of 200 mg FB/kg diet. For the M study, chicks were fed either 0, 50, 75, or 100 mg M/kg diet, supplied by Fusarium fujikuroi culture material. Reductions in Ab response to NDV and decreased lymphocyte proliferation and bacterial clearance rate were also observed in chicks fed usd\gequsd75 mg M/kg diet. A 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatment was used to evaluate the individual and combined effect of FB and M on immune responses in turkeys. One-day-old female turkeys were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments containing either 0 or 200 mg FB/kg diet, 100 mg M/kg diet, or a combination of 200 mg FB and 100 mg M/kg diet. All immunological parameters measured, including lymphoid organ weights, Ab response to NDV, lymphocyte proliferation, and bacterial clearance rate were suppressed in poults fed FB or M. However, neither synergistic nor additive effects were observed for any of the parameters measured when both toxins were fed simultaneously. Based on the results of the current research project, it is concluded that FB and M are immunosuppressive in chicks and poults; however, feeding FB and M simultaneously did not result in additive or synergistic effects in poults.
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| Subject
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Biological sciences
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Broiler chicks
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Fusarium
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Immune response
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Moniliformin
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Mycotoxins
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