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" Bernard Lazare: "
Lockshin, Lauren Gottlieb
Winter, Jay
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Latin Dissertation
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| Language of Document
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English
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| Record Number
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1105241
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| Doc. No
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TLpq2304259954
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| Main Entry
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Lockshin, Lauren Gottlieb
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Winter, Jay
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| Title & Author
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Bernard Lazare:\ Lockshin, Lauren GottliebWinter, Jay
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| College
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Yale University
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| Date
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2019
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| student score
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2019
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| Degree
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Ph.D.
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| Page No
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252
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| Abstract
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Bernard Lazare (1865-1903) was a literary and social critic writing about the "Jewish Question" when the Dreyfus Affair exploded onto the Paris scene in late 1894. The Jewish-born Frenchman was well-versed in burgeoning socialist and nationalist discourses, which buoyed the resurgent antisemitism of the early 1890s. Indeed, many of Lazare's own writings from this period were distinctly antisemitic in character. But the wrongful arrest of Jewish army officer Alfred Dreyfus on charges of treason precipitated a reversal in Lazare's thinking on antisemitism and spurred him to Dreyfus's defense. Lazare dedicated the remainder of his career to reevaluating antisemitism and the challenges facing European Jews in the late nineteenth century, and to crafting a new vision of Jewish nationalism in the form of Socialist Zionism. This dissertation reassesses Lazare's role as an early innovator of Socialist Zionism, which prioritized the inclusion of eastern European Jewry and the Jewish working class in the process of creating a Jewish national life both in the diaspora and in Palestine. Lazare collaborated with Theodor Herzl at the vanguard of the early Zionist movement, and then parted ways with him in order to advocate this more democratic vision of Jewish nationhood. In Lazare's formulation, Socialist Zionism required combatting antisemitism as a necessary step towards establishing a Jewish national identity. It asked Western European Jewry to forego assimilation and the aspiration of the "parvenu", and instead accept the possibility of being "conscious pariahs". Later known as "Labor Zionism", Socialist Zionism paved the way for the immigration of tens of thousands of Jewish workers to Palestine in the early twentieth century and served as the founding ethos of the Jewish State. Lazare's legacy of Socialist Zionist thought informed the works of numerous other Zionist leaders, including Nachman Syrkin, Berl Katznelson, and David Ben-Gurion, as well as the works of the twentieth-century political philosopher Hannah Arendt. Despite this, Lazare's name is largely absent from contemporary Zionist history. This dissertation aims to restore Bernard Lazare to his rightful place in that history.
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European history
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Judaic studies
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