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" Interwar Pronatalism in Turkey: "
Çağış Arici, Elif
Keyder, Caglar
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Latin Dissertation
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| Language of Document
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English
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| Record Number
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1112008
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| Doc. No
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TLpq2512725809
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| Main Entry
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Çağış Arici, Elif
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Keyder, Caglar
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| Title & Author
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Interwar Pronatalism in Turkey:\ Çağış Arici, ElifKeyder, Caglar
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| College
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State University of New York at Binghamton
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| Date
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2020
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| student score
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2020
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| Degree
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Ph.D.
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| Page No
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334
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| Abstract
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This is a study on interwar pronatalism in Turkey. I argue that interwar pronatalism in Turkey was shaped not only by demographic conditions but also by the historical, international, and ideological context within the limits of state capacity, and in return became one of the constitutive fields of discourse and policy of the new regime. These factors made Turkey a part of the general trend of pronatalism, but also gave Turkish pronatalism its specific character. The ideological context refers to a pattern woven by positioning vis-à-vis the West, ethnic nationalism and anti-individualism. Starting with the late Ottoman Empire, the relationship with the West developed in a form where the West was both the model to be followed, the civilization to be a part of, and also a threat to be cautious of. Turkish interwar pronatalism also followed this pattern. In the atmosphere of rivalry and paranoia of the interwar period, increasing population, creating a healthy and fit population, demonstrating the trends of ethnic homogenization and population growth through census results were the priorities of interwar pronatalism that saw the West as a threat. Ethnic nationalism shaped and in return was supported by interwar pronatalism mainly in the population exchange and population censuses. Anti-individualism was at the core of interwar pronatalisms in describing reproduction as a field of conflict of interest between the individuals and the state, and offering the solution of pronatalist population policies. I analyzed two institutions of pronatalism in interwar Turkey: the parliament and the General Directorate of Statistics. I examined the laws and records of parliamentary discussions, the history of the GDS, population censuses and the Analysis Series. My analysis shows how they were a part of interwar pronatalism, and how state capacity –in terms of limited resources and educated personnel– was a defining factor of interwar pronatalism.
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History
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Sociology
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