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" No-till dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as influenced by fertilizer placement methods and downy brome (Bromus tectorum) infestation "
M. A. Malik
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Latin Dissertation
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| Language of Document
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English
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| Record Number
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1112505
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| Doc. No
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TLpq303867156
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| Main Entry
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M. A. Malik
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| Title & Author
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No-till dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as influenced by fertilizer placement methods and downy brome (Bromus tectorum) infestation\ M. A. Malik
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| College
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University of Wyoming
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| Date
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1990
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| student score
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1990
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| Degree
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Ph.D.
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| Page No
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160
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| Abstract
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Field studies were conducted at three Wyoming locations from 1987 to 1989 to evaluate the influence of downy brome infestation and fertilizer placement methods on dryland winter wheat. Also, greenhouse studies were established in 1988 and 1989 to determine the response of downy brome and spring wheat, grown together, to fertilizer placement and water stress. Under field conditions, downy brome above-ground dry matter yield increased significantly with surface-applied NP fertilizer, compared to the unfertilized control and deep placement treatments. These results were consistent across all locations. In 1988, the studies at Archer and Slater were not harvestable for grain yield. Results based on two year averages showed 20% lower grain yield in downy brome-infested plots than downy brome-free plots at Torrington. Compared to downy brome-infested and broadcast treatments, downy brome-infested and deep band treatments resulted in 14% (135 kg h) higher grain yield. Similarly, downy brome-free and deep band treatments produced 51% higher grain yield compared with downy brome-infested and broadcast treatments. Deep banding, compared with broadcasting of fertilizer, resulted in higher grain yield by 20% at Torrington. Similarly, at Archer and Slater wheat yield components showed positive response to deep-placed fertilizer compared to surface-broadcast fertilizer. In the 1988-89 no-till trial at Archer, no significant difference among downy brome and fertilizer placement treatments was observed because of initial high soil fertility levels. In 1988-89, fertilizer injury to wheat with deep band treatment and winter-kill of downy brome in the conventional tillage trials confounded the effects of fertilizer and downy brome treatments. However, the deep band treatment provided greater grain protein percentage than the unfertilized check and broadcast treatments. Under greenhouse conditions, a blend of nitrogen and phosphorus produced considerably more downy brome tillers and above-ground dry matter yield than a single application of nitrogen. Similarly, surface-broadcast NP fertilizer appeared to have stimulatory effects on number of tillers and dry matter production of downy brome. Deep-banded nitrogen and NP treatments produced greater plant height, spike length, grain and straw yield of wheat in comparison with surface application of the same nutrients. Water-stressed and unstressed treatments differed significantly from each other in downy brome dry matter, wheat yield components and wheat dry matter yield. A combination of N and P deep-banded, favored the yield of wheat at the expense of downy brome.
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Agronomy
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Biological sciences
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wheat
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