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" Digestive function, energy intake and the response to dietary gum in captive callitrichids "
M. L. Power
K. Milton
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Latin Dissertation
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English
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| Record Number
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1112683
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TLpq303912686
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| Main Entry
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K. Milton
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M. L. Power
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| Title & Author
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Digestive function, energy intake and the response to dietary gum in captive callitrichids\ M. L. PowerK. Milton
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| College
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University of California, Berkeley
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| Date
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1991
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| student score
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1991
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| Degree
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Ph.D.
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| Page No
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259
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| Abstract
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Marmosets and tamarins (Callitrichidae) feed on gums. Chemically, gums represent a digestive challenge. Digestion trials were conducted on two marmoset species (Cebuella pygmaea and Callithrix jacchus) and three tamarins species (Saguinus fuscicollis, S. oedipus, and Leontopithecus rosalia). These species span the body size range among callitrichids. Two similar homogeneous diets were provided, one of which included gum arabic. Chromic oxide and plastic beads were used as markers. Transit time (TFA) and the apparent digestibilities of energy (AED) and dry matter (ADMD) were compared among species and between diets. The relationships between body size, digestive function, and energy intake were examined to identify possible correlates to gum-feeding. The diminutive (133g) exudate specialist C. pygmaea had the longest TFA (377 min.). Among the other species, TFA, AED and ADMD were positively correlated with weight (L. rosalia: 678g, TFA = 273 min., AED = 85.7%, ADMD = 85.4%, S. oedipus: 472g, TFA = 233 min., AED = 81.5%, ADMD = 83.0%, C. jacchus: 355g, TFA = 198 min., ADE = 75.1%, ADMD = 77.2%, S. fuscicollis: 310g, TFA = 159 min., AED = 71.0%, ADMD = 74.3%). Digestive efficiency of C. pygmaea was equivalent to that of four-fold larger tamarins (AED = 83.5%, ADMD = 83.7%). Marmosets differed from tamarins in their digestive response to dietary gum arabic. On the gum arabic diet TFA increased in marmosets, but not in tamarins. Digestive efficiency did not differ between diets in marmosets, but decreased on the gum arabic diet in tamarins. Despite being similar to tamarins in the allometry of digestive function, C. jacchus differed from them in the digestive response to gum. Despite the small range of body sizes, digestible energy intake (DE) in the five study species showed a clear positive relation to body weight: log(DE) = -0.894 + 0.893 * log(body wt.), R2 =.868. Average DE was higher in S. fuscicollis than in the larger C. jacchus. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that tamarins have higher energy requirements than marmosets, but the data are not conclusive. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) of C. pygmaea, as measured by open circuit respirometry, was similar to the predicted mammalian value during daytime, but was substantially depressed (62% of predicted) at night.
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Biological sciences
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marmosets
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Physical anthropology
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Social sciences
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tamarins
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Zoology
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