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" The ecology, distribution, and bioindicator potential of Indonesian coral reef stomatopod communities "
M. V. N. Erdmann
R. L. Caldwell
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Latin Dissertation
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English
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| Record Number
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1113025
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TLpq304348159
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| Main Entry
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M. V. N. Erdmann
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R. L. Caldwell
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| Title & Author
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The ecology, distribution, and bioindicator potential of Indonesian coral reef stomatopod communities\ M. V. N. ErdmannR. L. Caldwell
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| College
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University of California, Berkeley
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| Date
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1997
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1997
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| Degree
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Ph.D.
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| Page No
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290
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| Abstract
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As coral reef ecosystems throughout the developing world continue to decline under the impact of marine pollution, there is an urgent need for efficient, inexpensive means of monitoring reef "health" that can be easily taught to local participants. Bioindicator organisms provide one such means of assessing sublethal pollution impacts on coral reefs. Stomatopod crustaceans are benthic reef dwellers that are particularly well-suited as bioindicators of reef health due to their abundance and ubiquity, sensitivity to pollution and the ease of sampling their populations. Patterns of cross-shelf variation in reef-flat stomatopod diversity and abundance are described from two reef systems under the influence of strong pollution gradients, the Spermonde Archipelago in SW Sulawesi and Kepulauan Seribu in NW Java. In both systems, reef-flat stomatopod assemblages show consistent, graded responses to increasing levels of pollution, including decreases in abundance and diversity. These responses are quantitatively described and correlated with a number of measured environmental parameters. In order to more fully elucidate the ecological and biogeographical constraints on stomatopod species' distributions and habitat use, comparative sampling was conducted throughout Indonesia. In total, 105 reefs from 10 regions of Indonesia were sampled, yielding 6749 stomatopod specimens. This collection comprises 50 species, representing 23 genera and 9 families. A systematic account of each species is provided, including data on size, color, habitat, sexual dimorphism, ontogenetic morphological changes, reproductive ecology, ectoparasite occurrence, and known distributions. Ten are new species, representing 6 genera; full morphological descriptions are included. An additional six species are synonymized. The technique of determination of stable isotope ratios of N/N (denoted usd\delta\spusdN) in stomatopod tissues as an indication of human fecal sewage inputs into reef environments is also evaluated. usd\delta\spusdN values from adult Indonesian G. viridis tail muscle typically vary from 7.5-8.50usd\perthoususd from reefs without substantial local sewage inputs, while tissue samples from sewage-impacted reefs in Indonesia show a range of usd\delta\spusdN values from 8.7-12.3usd\perthous.usd These results suggest that monitoring the isotopic composition of nitrogen in reef organisms such as stomatopods may be an excellent means of detecting human sewage input onto coral reefs before it causes serious degradation of the reefs.
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bioindicators
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Biological sciences
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Ecology
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Environmental science
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Health and environmental sciences
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Oceanography
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