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" THE GOD MONTU: FROM THE EARLIEST ATTESTATIONS TO THE END OF THE NEW KINGDOM (EGYPT, RELIGION) "
E. K. Werner
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Latin Dissertation
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| Language of Document
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English
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| Record Number
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130331
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| Doc. No
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TL44030
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| Call number
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8613638
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| Main Entry
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E. K. Werner
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| Title & Author
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THE GOD MONTU: FROM THE EARLIEST ATTESTATIONS TO THE END OF THE NEW KINGDOM (EGYPT, RELIGION)\ E. K. Werner
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| College
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Yale University
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| Date
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1985
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| Degree
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Ph.D.
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1985
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410
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| Abstract
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This study traces the divine career of Montu, a primordial god of the Theban region of Upper Egypt, through the end of the New Kingdom. The chronological scope was chosen in order to concentrate on the formative stages of Montu's cult before the momentum of syncretism and the proliferation of animal worship in the later periods obscured his essential nature. The evidence indicates that Montu was first worshipped as a local Upper Egyptian solar deity, and that he rose to national prominence because of his patronage of the victory of King Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II of Dynasty XI in his war to reunify Egypt under Theban supremacy. Apparently as early as Dynasty XII, Montu was assigned the role of war god based on his participation in that victory, a role attributed to him until the end of native Egyptian civilization. The first five chapters present a chronological analysis of Montu with reference to the inscriptions, inconography, temple development at the four major cult centers (Tod, Armant, Medamud and Karnak), and the priesthood which served the cult at those sites. Among the special topics discussed in the context of their periods are: Montu and the "falcon ships" of Dynasty XVIII, Montu as a griffin in the New Kingdom, the iconographic confusion between Montu and Khonsu during the Ramesside Period, and the special relationship between Montu and Ramesses II which was most dramatically expressed in the cult statue, "Usermaatre Setepenre, Montu-in-the-Two Lands," which he erected in his Delta capital. Chapter 6 explores the concept of Montu and Atum of Heliopolis as a "divine pair" used iconographically to represent Upper and Lower Egypt. Chapter 7 assesses Montu's three consorts: Tjenenet of Tod, Armant and Medamud; Iunyt of Armant; and Rettawy of Thebes, and Karnak in particular. Appendices provide direct access to categorized Montu references from Kitchen's Ramesside Inscriptions, the priesthood and other Montu temple staff prior to the Ramesside Period, the priesthood and other temple staff during the Ramesside Period, and the epithets of Montu as attested in each period.
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| Subject
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Social sciences; Ancient civilizations; 0579:Ancient civilizations
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Yale University
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