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" The effects of journal -writing and story -listening on world assumptions, health, and religiousness following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 "
Sara Larios Mitchell
K. Wall
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Latin Dissertation
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| Language of Document
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English
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| Record Number
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53021
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| Doc. No
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TL22975
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| Call number
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3178868
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| Main Entry
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Sara Larios Mitchell
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| Title & Author
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The effects of journal -writing and story -listening on world assumptions, health, and religiousness following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001\ Sara Larios Mitchell
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| College
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Institute of Transpersonal Psychology
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| Date
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2005
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| Degree
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Ph.D.
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2005
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| Page No
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205
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| Abstract
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This study investigated religiousness as an outcome measure, the persistence of traumatic effects, health, and worldviews after 9/11. Previous research found that trauma could affect these variables. This investigation was a secondary data analysis of an analog comparative clinical trial examining the impact of two interventions—journal-writing and story-listening—on worldviews, health, and religiousness. University students were randomly assigned to write about their emotional responses to 9/11 or listen to relevant stories. The Impact of Events Scale (IES), the World Assumption Scale (WAS), the Age-Universal Intrinsic/Extrinsic Scale-Revised (AUI/E-R), the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-24), and the PTSD Checklist (PCL-C) were administered at baseline (T1) and at the 4-month follow-up (T3). No significant difference resulted between the interventions at baseline and follow-up on a MANOVA comparing the groups on religiousness, worldviews, and health. Both groups reported significant negative worldviews in all subscales and significant diminishment in self-reported general health, social functioning, and mental health, corroborating the studies indicating that trauma leads to negative worldviews but contradicting the research on the positive health effects of journal-writing. Results may be due to selection bias as perhaps the most traumatized completed the follow-up measures. The hypothesis that higher levels of religiousness would predict lower levels of self-reported trauma was not supported when a MANOVA compared baseline to follow-up. Multiple regression analyses explored all dependent measures; a relationship between religiousness and trauma resulted in which the IES avoidance subscale made the most statistically significant contribution in predicting extrinsic religiousness in the story-listening group. Results indicated that both groups displayed increased intrusion, avoidance, and PTSD symptoms by follow-up. Findings demonstrate persistent and pervasive effects of 9/11 across trauma, worldview, and health measures; reasons discussed included retraumatization due to continued terror threats, the Afghanistan war, and press coverage.
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| Subject
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Psychology; Health; Journal; Religiousness; September 11, 2001; Story listening; Terrorist; Trauma; World assumptions; Psychotherapy; Experiments; 0623:Psychology; 0622:Psychotherapy; 0623:Experiments
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K. Wall
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Institute of Transpersonal Psychology
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