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" Globalizing rights: Defining, declaring, and denying human rights in the age of American hegemony, 1939–1955 "
Glenn Tatsuya Mitoma
E. Barkan
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Latin Dissertation
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English
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| Record Number
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53022
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| Doc. No
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TL22976
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| Call number
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3268253
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| Main Entry
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Glenn Tatsuya Mitoma
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| Title & Author
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Globalizing rights: Defining, declaring, and denying human rights in the age of American hegemony, 1939–1955\ Glenn Tatsuya Mitoma
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| College
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The Claremont Graduate University
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| Date
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2007
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| Degree
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Ph.D.
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2007
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393
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| Abstract
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This dissertation examines the link between the rise of both the US as the most important world power, and human rights as the most compelling discourse of global morality during and immediately after the Second World War. In particular, I argue that the rhetorical commitment to human rights made by the Roosevelt Administration finds is origins not in some traditional American rights culture, but in work of several small American non-governmental organizations. Cosmopolitan and dedicated to the rational organization of international life, these groups incubated a postwar plan which included international protections for human rights, ideas that were adopted by the American government in the interests of securing both national and global public support for the Allied cause. Once enshrined as an official Allied war aim, human rights became part of an international conversation in which the American government somewhat reluctantly engaged, but which ultimately resulted in a prominent place for human rights in the 1945 United Nations Charter. Within the new international organization, discussions continued as to the scope and nature of the global commitment to human rights. The US, through its representative Eleanor Roosevelt, continued to exercise great influence, but there can be little doubt but that the effort to develop an international law of human rights was, in a word, international. Thus, the second, and more significant, emphasis of this dissertation is on the work of two non-American diplomats, both of whom played a prominent role in the development of the UN human rights regime. Charles H. Malik of Lebanon and Carlos P. Romulo of the Philippines were both charter members of the Human Rights Commission and both worked for an expansive, explicit, and enforceable international human rights regime. Although representatives from the nascent "Third World," both Malik and Romulo were also shaped by their experiences with transnational American institutions and both consciously positioned themselves as mediators between the US and Asia. Their work demonstrates the degree to which the robust discourse of international human rights emerged and developed as the organizing principle of postwar American hegemony.
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| Subject
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Social sciences; Age of American hegemony; Globalization; Human rights; Rights; United Nations; American studies; History; International law; International relations; 0582:History; 0323:American studies; 0616:International relations; 0616:International law
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E. Barkan
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The Claremont Graduate University
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