Finding simplicity in the complex systemic arterial system: Basis of increased pulse pressure

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" Finding simplicity in the complex systemic arterial system: Basis of increased pulse pressure "
Mohammad Waqar Mohiuddin C. Quick

Document Type	:	Latin Dissertation
Language of Document	:	English
Record Number	:	53083
Doc. No	:	TL23037
Call number	:	‭3321750‬
Main Entry	:	Mohammad Waqar Mohiuddin
Title & Author	:	Finding simplicity in the complex systemic arterial system: Basis of increased pulse pressure\ Mohammad Waqar Mohiuddin
College	:	Texas A&M University
Date	:	2008
Degree	:	Ph.D.
student score	:	2008
Page No	:	115
Abstract	:	Arterial pulse pressure is critically important to a number of diseases such as isolated systolic hypertension, coronary artery disease and heart failure. Determining the cause of increased pulse pressure has been hampered for two reasons. First, pulse pressure results from contraction of the heart and the load formed by the complex arterial tree. Pressure pulses travel from the heart to the peripheral arteries. As they reach a bifurcation or change in arterial wall properties, some of the pulses get reflected and propagate retrograde towards the heart. Second, two different modeling approaches (0-D and 1-D) describe the arterial system. The Windkessel model ascribed changes in pulse pressure to changes in total arterial compliance ( Ctot ) and total arterial resistance, whereas the transmission model ascribed them to changes in the magnitude, timing and sites of reflection. Our investigation has addressed both these limitations by finding that a complex arterial system degenerates into a simple 2-element Windkessel model when wavelength of the propagated pulse increases. This theoretical development has yielded three practical results. First, isolated systolic hypertension can be viewed as a manifestation of a system that has degenerated into a Windkessel, and thus increased pulse pressure is due to decreased Ctot . Second, the well-discussed Augmentation Index does not truly describe augmentation of pulse pressure by pulse reflection. Third, the simple 2-element Windkessel can be used to characterize the interaction among heart, arterial system and axial-flow left ventricular assist device analytically. The fact that arterial systems degenerate into Windkessels explains why it becomes much easier to estimate total arterial compliance in hypertension--total arterial compliance is the dominant determinant of pulsatile pressure.
Subject	:	Applied sciences; Biological sciences; Systemic arterial system; Pulse pressure; Arterial blood flow; Pulse wave propagation; Biomedical research; Anatomy physiology; 0541:Biomedical research; 0719:Anatomy physiology
Added Entry	:	C. Quick
Added Entry	:	Texas AM University