Food -sharing networks in Lamalera, Indonesia: Tests of adaptive hypotheses

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" Food -sharing networks in Lamalera, Indonesia: Tests of adaptive hypotheses "
David A. Nolin E. A. Smith

Document Type	:	Latin Dissertation
Language of Document	:	English
Record Number	:	53409
Doc. No	:	TL23363
Call number	:	‭3345631‬
Main Entry	:	David A. Nolin
Title & Author	:	Food -sharing networks in Lamalera, Indonesia: Tests of adaptive hypotheses\ David A. Nolin
College	:	University of Washington
Date	:	2008
Degree	:	Ph.D.
student score	:	2008
Page No	:	206
Abstract	:	This dissertation presents a quantitative study of food sharing in the Indonesian fishing and whaling village of Lamalera, Indonesia. The objective is to test hypotheses derived from the anthropological field of human behavioral ecology about the adaptive nature of human food sharing. The hypotheses tested include: kin selection, which predicts that individuals will share with those to whom they are closely related; reciprocal altruism, which predicts that individuals will share with those who share in return; tolerated scrounging, which predicts that food is relinquished when the owner values the food less than the cost of resisting demands from others; and costly signaling, which predicts that sharing functions as a signal of some otherwise unobservable trait of the donor. These hypotheses are not mutually exclusive and so social network methods, primarily exponential random graph modeling or ERGM, are used to test what proportion of variation in food sharing can be explained by each hypothesis. The results show that genetic relatedness, residential propinquity, and return sharing from a potential recipient all strongly increase the probability of sharing by a donor household to the recipient. Reciprocity between households explains 45% of the variation in sharing relationships after controlling for network density, almost three times the variation that kinship and residential distance explain individually. All three together account for over half the variance in the network. Kinship is a stronger predictor of sharing between residentially distant households, while reciprocity is more common among both residentially and genealogically close households. Households of higher status both give and receive more than those of lower status. While sharing may function as an alliance-building signaling strategy for a few higher-status households, household status explains little variation in the sharing network as a whole. Tolerated scrounging appears to be inconsistent with ethnographic observations, but an emerging “relaxed” version of the hypothesis cannot be entirely excluded as an explanation for some food transfers. The results show the strongest support for the reciprocal altruism and kin selection hypotheses, though additional variation remains to be explained.
Subject	:	Social sciences; Evolution of cooperation; Food-sharing; Human behavioral ecology; Indonesia; Lamalera; Social networks; Cultural anthropology; Physical anthropology; 0326:Cultural anthropology; 0327:Physical anthropology
Added Entry	:	E. A. Smith
Added Entry	:	University of Washington