Abstract
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The Neotropical ambrosia beetle genus Camptocerus Dejean was revised. The monophyly of the genus was tested using 66 morphological characters in a cladistic analysis. Camptocerus was monophyletic and 30 species are recognized Six new synonyms are presented: C. auricomus Blandford (= C. striatulus Hagedorn), C. inoblitus (Schedl) (= C. morio (Schedl)), C. niger (Fabricius) (= C. tectus Eggers), C. opacicollis (Eggers) (= C. infidelis Wood; = C. uniseriatus Schedl), C. suturalis (Fabricius) (=C. cinctus Chapuis). Two species received new status : C. charpentierae Schedl and C. hirtipennis Schedl. Eleven new species of Camptocerus are described: C. coccoformus, C. distinctus, C. dolei, C. igniculus, C. mallopterus, C. noel, C. petrovi, C. pilifrons, C. pseudoangustior, C. unicornus and C. zucca . An illustrated key, diagnosis, distribution, hosts and images were provided for each species. I report observations of Camptocerus attracted to felled Protium amazonicum Swart in southeastern Peru and the behavior of four species. An unusual behavior for scolytines was observed as three species aggregated to leaves surrounding potential hosts, bored into leaves and fed, a rare behavior for Scolytines. Males competed for mates with physical contact. Ant predation killed ∼50% of colonizing individuals for one species.
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