Family networks and economic behavior in low income areas

مرکز و کتابخانه مطالعات اسلامی به زبان های اروپایی

منو

" Family networks and economic behavior in low income areas "
Olumide Olusola Taiwo M. M. Pitt

Document Type	:	Latin Dissertation
Language of Document	:	English
Record Number	:	55046
Doc. No	:	TL25000
Call number	:	‭3318362‬
Main Entry	:	Olumide Olusola Taiwo
Title & Author	:	Family networks and economic behavior in low income areas\ Olumide Olusola Taiwo
College	:	Brown University
Date	:	2008
Degree	:	Ph.D.
student score	:	2008
Page No	:	95-n/a
Abstract	:	Chapter 1 estimates the effect of traditional orphan adoption on the quantity and quality of children using data from Malawi. It address the potential problem of joint determination of both fertility and mortality by exploiting differences between the patrilineal and matrilineal lineage systems in the composition of family networks and in the structure of contingent obligations. Comparing mortality effects across lineage systems, the results show that orphan adoption in family networks significantly reduces fertility and raises the quality of children in the households caring form them, consistent with a model where kin orphans substitute for biological children in parental preferences. The results from Malawi where HIV/AIDS incidence is moderately high suggest that the epidemic may reduce fertility through adoptive care of AIDS orphans in extended family networks in sub-Saharan Africa. An existing literature demonstrates that giving money to women is better for children that giving it to men, and suggests that women care more about children than men. Chapter 2 demonstrates that men and women may not care differently about children, but care about different sets of children. Most developing societies are patrilineal in orientation, where women are removed from their family networks whereas men remain closely connected after marriage, raising the possibility that men will share resources with their kin more than women. The model and results suggest that the scope of policies targeting a specific gender as recipient of a given benefit may be very narrow when inter-household sharing is taken into account. Chapter 3 examines the effect of group-based micro-credit on household division in rural Bangladesh. Using eligibility, program availability and characteristics of non-resident family members as instruments for participation in micro-credit, results show that program participation results in fewer household division by allowing households to accumulate assets and diversify economic risks through self-employment activities. Credit borrowed by men enhances household assets at double the rate at which women's credit does so, and exerts a stronger negative effect on household division more than women's credit.
Subject	:	Social sciences; Family networks; Economic behavior; Low income; Economics; Low income groups; Studies; 0501:Economics
Added Entry	:	M. M. Pitt
Added Entry	:	Brown University