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This dissertation studies the development of an ethnic division of labor in In-House Services in favor of Gagauz Moldovan migrant women from the mid-1990s to the early 2000s in Turkey. The development of this ethnic division of labor has intensified with significant parallel developments in two different locations, which in turn have reinforced changes in migration flows and in the demand structure. Therefore, in this study, I also deal with the consequences of the political liberation of Moldova from the Soviets on the one hand and with the rapid socio-cultural and economic changes in Istanbul since the beginning of the 1990s, on the other. In conjunction with these two developments, I will analyze four major points: The first point includes the historical, political and economic factors generally conceptualized as push factors. Secondly, I look at the intervening and pull factors as the second fundamental framework for a further ethnic division of labor in favor of Gagauz women. Moldovan women's tendency to migrate to closer countries in order to earn more money has been shaped and, more significantly, inhibited by regional balances, as in the case of other migration patterns. In addition to discussing the regional politics, I will provide an explanation of the pull factors at work, stemming from Istanbul's recently becoming a global city. During the last two decades, Istanbul has become part of the global-city network and opened up a space for further in-migration towards the service economy, especially in private services. The third factor is related to the advantages of Gagauz IHSWs in relation to the limitations of Turkish IHSWs. Finally, in order to understand the ethnic division, I focus on the institutionalization of the flows of Gagauz women. Factors related to institutionalization range from the network structure of migration flows, to their parallel development, to changes in demand. The networks that maintain the flow of Gagauz IHSWs parallel to the demand are grouped as Demand-Side Networks (DSN), Supply-Side Networks (SSN) and In-Between Networks (IBN). These networks have come to regulate the observed IHSW flows in both qualitative and quantitative terms, according to the preferences of demand.
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