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" The culture of the Christian Orthodox printing house in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Poland-Lithuania "
Michelle Ruth Viise
D. Frick
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Latin Dissertation
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English
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| Record Number
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55420
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TL25374
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3254121
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Michelle Ruth Viise
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The culture of the Christian Orthodox printing house in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Poland-Lithuania\ Michelle Ruth Viise
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| College
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University of California, Berkeley
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| Date
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2006
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Ph.D.
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2006
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241
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| Abstract
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This dissertation examines selected Orthodox printing houses of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Poland-Lithuania, showing how printers of Orthodox literature encountered linguistic, economic, and cultural problems distinct from those of their Catholic counterparts, especially in the age of the Counter Reformation. Their reactions to these conditions contributed to the development of unique printing communities shaped by the cultural concerns of Ruthenia (the Orthodox population of the Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania). The study culminates in an analysis of the micro-culture of the printing house of the Monastery of the Caves in Kyiv, which, under the direction of Jelissej Pletenec'kyj and Zaxarija Kopystens'kyj, became a metaphor for the multi-national Orthodox nationhood of what Kopystens'kyj called the "New Israel" of Ruthenia. The study offers a summary of the economic, political, and cultural conditions shaping the key Ruthenian printers and printing houses of Vilnius, L'viv, and Kyiv, focusing special attention upon the development among the Orthodox of printing communities and their migration from west (Vilnius and L'viv) to east (Kyiv) in the early seventeenth century. A review of the earliest non-Orthodox printers of Poland-Lithuania---including the early printers of Cracow and the Lutheran printer Primož Trubar of Slovenia---establishes a basis for comparing the Orthodox experience of printing with that of the non-Orthodox. Sources for the analysis include dedications, forewords, afterwords, complaints in court records, and correspondence in which Ruthenians describe printing and printers. Special attention is given to the printing houses of Ivan Fedorov and Petro Mstyslavec---first, to Hryhorij Xodkevyčs printing house in Zabłudów (where they worked together), and then, to Mstyslavec's printing house in Vilnius and Fedorov's in L'viv. An examination of the antagonism between the Orthodox bishops and laity follows, both as it played out on the broader cultural stage when the Orthodox bishops defected to the Uniate Church in 1595, and as it inhered in the conflict between Bishop Hedeon Balaban and the Orthodox burghers of L'viv as they vied for ownership of Ivan Fedorov's printing press after his death in 1583. The struggle for a printing press was a manifestation of the larger struggle for authority between the laity and the hierarchy. In the final chapter of the dissertation, we see Zaxarija Kopystens'kyj, the director of the Kyiv printing house between 1616 and 1627, attempt to unify Ruthenian society by appropriating the Polish construct of the noble nation of the gentry (szlachta), "Sarmatia," and transforming it into another nation: a "holy mountain," to which the messianic printing house of the Caves Monastery called the Orthodox of all nations and castes.
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Philosophy, religion and theology; Language, literature and linguistics; Christian; Culture; Lithuania; Orthodox; Poland-Lithuania; Printing house; Ruthenia; Seventeenth century; Sixteenth century; Ukraine; Slavic literature; Religion; 0314:Slavic literature; 0318:Religion
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D. Frick
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University of California, Berkeley
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