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" Evolutionary genetics of Kloss's gibbons (Hylobates klossii): Systematics, phylogeography, and conservation "


Document Type : Latin Dissertation
Language of Document : English
Record Number : 55603
Doc. No : TL25557
Call number : ‭3187379‬
Main Entry : Danielle June Whittaker
Title & Author : Evolutionary genetics of Kloss's gibbons (Hylobates klossii): Systematics, phylogeography, and conservation\ Danielle June Whittaker
College : City University of New York
Date : 2005
Degree : Ph.D.
student score : 2005
Page No : 215
Abstract : While the behavior and ecology of the Kloss's gibbon (Hylobates klossii), a species endemic to the Mentawai Islands of Indonesia, have been studied in some detail, its relationship to other gibbon species has remained poorly understood, as have any patterns of intraspecific variation. This dissertation presents a new molecular phylogeny of the gibbons, the first study of intraspecific genetic variation in the Kloss's gibbon, and an assessment of the species' conservation status. Fecal samples were collected from unhabituated gibbon groups at 7 sites on all four Mentawai Islands in 2001 and 2003. A 500 base pair segment of the hypervariable region I of the mitochondrial control region, or D-loop, was amplified and sequenced. Samples were genotyped at six microsatellite loci. Additionally, population surveys were conducted throughout the Mentawais using a method based on gibbon loud calls. The Kloss's gibbon appears to be a recently derived member of the lar group of gibbons, clustering with the geographically close H. agilis and H. moloch, rather than a basal taxon as previous morphological studies have suggested. While the other endemic Mentawai primates (Macaca pagensis, Presbytis potenziani, and Simias concolor) have been categorized into two geographically separated subspecies based on variation in coat color, the Moss's gibbon shows no obvious variation, as all individuals are completely black. The Kloss's gibbon shows no genetic differentiation between islands in either the mitochondrial or nuclear data. Generation time for gibbons is twice as long as for the cercopithecoid species, and the islands may not have been separated long enough for lineage sorting to occur in gibbons. The primates of the Mentawai Islands are threatened by logging and hunting, and the conservation status of the Kloss's gibbon has not been evaluated since 1980. Based on the surveys, there are 20,000–25,000 Moss's gibbons remaining in the wild, with the largest proportion located on Siberut, representing a decline of up to 50% since 1980. An upgrade of the conservation status of H. klossii to “Endangered” is thus recommended. Conservation planning for the Mentawai primates should focus on enforcement of existing protected areas and conservation education to reduce hunting.
Subject : Social sciences; Biological sciences; Conservation; Evolutionary genetics; Hylobates klossii; Indonesia; Kloss's gibbons; Phylogeography; Physical anthropology; Genetics; Forestry; 0327:Physical anthropology; 0478:Forestry; 0369:Genetics
Added Entry : J. F. Oates
Added Entry : City University of New York
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