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" Risk Reduction : "
Mervyn Richardson
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BL
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| Record Number
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727804
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b547540
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| Main Entry
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Mervyn Richardson
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| Title & Author
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Risk Reduction : : Chemicals and energy into the 21st Century.\ Mervyn Richardson
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| Publication Statement
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London: CRC Press, 1996
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(636 pages)
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| ISBN
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0203482913
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: 9780203482919
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| Contents
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Book Cover --;Title --;Copyright --;Contents --;Preface --;Contributors --;Abbreviations and Acronyms --;Acknowledgements --;Definitions --;Introduction --;SECTION 1: PROLOG --;1 Prolog --;1.1 BACKGROUND --;1.2 WHAT IS RISK REDUCTION? --;1.3 OECD AND RISK REDUCTION --;1.4 ENVIRONMENTAL RISK REDUCTION CONTROL MANAGEMENT --;1.5 UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT (UNCED) RIO de JANEIRO JULY 1992 --;1.6 HAZARD CATEGORIES (CHEMICALS) --;1.7 TRAINING --;1.7.1 Training by workshops --;1.7.2 Training outcome --;1.8 CONCLUDING COMMENTS --;1.9 REFERENCES --;SECTION 2: INTERNATIONAL OVERVIEW --;2 Risk Reduction of Environmental Pollution and Water Resources Problems for Sustainable Development --;2.1 INTRODUCTION --;2.2 BASIC CONCEPTS IN RISK REDUCTION --;2.2.1 Risk management --;2.2.2 Risk assessment and chemical safety --;2.2.3 The role of environmental impact assessment in risk assessment --;2.2.4 Risk characterization --;2.2.5 Risk communication --;2.2.6 Sustainable development --;2.2.7 Population increase --;2.2.8 Risks in water resources --;2.2.9 Financial difficulties in the application of risk reduction measures --;2.3 LEGISLATIONS STANDARDS AND MANAGEMENT MODELS --;2.3.1 Area-wide environmental quality management model --;2.4 THE IMPORTANCE OF CAPACITY BUILDING FOR RISK REDUCTION --;2.4.1 The need for capacity building for risk reduction in water resources problems --;2.4.2 Case study: capacity building for the operation of drinking water treatment plants --;2.5 THE USE OF MODELING IN DECISION MAKING FOR RISK REDUCTION --;2.5.1 Case study : economics of pollution abatement for İzmit Bay in Turkey --;2.6 SOME RISK RELATED WATER RESOURCES PROBLEMS --;2.6.1 Ground water pollution due to leachate of sanitary landfills --;2.6.2 Case studies. 2.6.2.1 EIA of the Konya irrigation project for reducing the risk of water quality degradation --;2.6.2.2 Assessment of the construction of the Duncan and Libby dams in British Columbia with respect to fresh water production ecology --;2.7 THE COST OF RISK REDUCTION IN WATER RESOURCES AND FLOOD CONTROL --;2.7.1 Flood control --;2.7.2 Case studies --;2.7.2.1 Flood risk reduced design of Vakfikebir bridge --;2.7.2.2 Floods in Turkey between 1955-1990 and their damage estimates --;2.8 RISK REDUCTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT --;2.8.1 Case study: measures for reducing the risk of environmental damage created by industrial and municipal activities in the Karasu Basin of Turkey --;2.9 COMMENTS --;2.10 REFERENCES --;3 Risk Reduction Through Cleaner Industrial Production --;3.1 INTRODUCTION --;3.2 THE EVOLUTION TO THE CLEANER INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION CONCEPT --;3.3 CLEANING, CLEAN, CLEANER --;3.3.1 Cleaning --;3.3.2 Clean --;3.3.3 Cleaner --;3.4 INCENTIVES TO CIP --;3.5 BARRIERS TO CIP --;3.6 THE CIP ACTORS --;3.7 THE ECONOMY OF CIP --;3.8 COST ACCOUNTING FOR CIP --;3.9 AUDIT STEPS TO IMPLEMENT CLEANER INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION --;3.10 SOURCE REDUCTION OPTIONS FOR POLLUTION PREVENTION --;3.11 MATERIAL SUBSTITUTION, PRODUCT REFORMULATION AND LIFECYCLE ASSESSMENT --;3.11.1 General --;3.11.2 Evaluation of risk --;3.11.3 Data on hazardous properties of chemicals --;3.12 CIP AT THE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT STAGE --;3.13 WATER MANAGEMENT IN CIP --;3.13.1 Water management principles --;3.13.2 Wastewater sources and reuse --;3.13.3 Water management audit --;3.13.4 Technologies for water recovery --;3.14 ENERGY MANAGEMENT IN CIP --;3.14.1 General --;3.14.2 Energy systems --;3.14.3 Energy management program --;3.14.4 Energy audits --;3.14.4.1 Analysis of components --;3.14.4.2 Energy balances of processes. 3.14.4.3 Pinch technology analysis36-38 --;3.14.4.4 Exergy analysis --;3.14.4.5 Field walk-through surveys --;3.14.4.6 Use of rules of thumb --;3.15 MEASURING THE PROGRESS IN TOXIC REDUCTION --;3.16 REFERENCES --;4 Risk Reduction, A Comparison of the Problems of Toxic Wastes in Developed and Developing Countries --;4.1 INTRODUCTION --;4.2 THE PROCESSES OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT --;4.2.1 Case history: wastewater treatment --;4.2.2 Case history: toxicity test development --;4.3 TRANSFER OR TRANSPLANT? --;4.4 CONCEPTS OF POLLUTION AND ASSOCIATED RISKS --;4.4.1 Case study: pollution in a small Yorkshire stream --;4.4.2 Case study: copper smelter wastewater treatment --;4.4.3 Case study: pollution and restoration of Lake Mariut --;4.4.4 Case study: large town in China --;4.5 WASTEWATER TREATMENT IN CONTEXT --;4.6 SYSTEMATIC DEVELOPMENT OF TOXICITY ASSESSMENT AND REDUCTION STRATEGIES --;4.7 CONCLUSIONS --;4.8 DISCLAIMER --;4.9 REFERENCES --;5 Factors to be Considered for Accomplishing Risk Reduction --;5.1 INTRODUCTION --;5.1.1 Principles of risk reduction --;5.1.2 Factors involved in risk reduction --;5.1.3 Accuracy of risk assessment --;5.1.4 Public perception --;5.1.5 Strategies to reduce risk --;5.2 CASES DEMONSTRATING VARIOUS DEGREES OF SUCCESS IN RISK REDUCTION --;5.2.1 Aflatoxin --;5.2.1 Dioxins --;5.3 CONCLUSION --;5.4 ACKNOWLEDGMENT --;5.5 REFERENCES --;6 Economics and the Environment --;6.1 INTRODUCTION --;6.2 FREE MARKET ECONOMIES --;6.3 MONITORING --;6.4 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS --;6.5 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCIES --;6.5.1 A model agency --;6.5.2 Principles involved in sustainable development --;6.5.3 The contribution which the environmental agency is to make towards achieving sustainable development --;6.5.4 Costs and benefits --;6.5.5 Guidance material --;6.6 POLLUTION CONTROL AND ITS ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES --;6.7 THE BLACK SEA REGION. 6.7.1 Economic failure --;6.7.2 Environmental economics --;6.8 TRANSBOUNDARY CONSEQUENCES --;6.9 ENVIRONMENTAL INSTRUMENTS TO IMPROVE THE ENVIRONMENT --;6.10 ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND INVESTMENTS --;6.11 ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND SUSTAIN ABILITY --;6.12 CONCLUSIONS --;6.13 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --;6.14 REFERENCES --;7 Quality Aspects in Lithuania --;7.1 INTRODUCTION --;7.2 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT --;7.3 ECO-CYCLE --;7.4 ECOLABEL --;7.5 STANDARDS --;7.6 ONE-WAY ECONOMY --;7.7 CLOSED-CYCLE ECONOMY --;7.8 ENVIRONMENTAL OUTPUTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL INPUTS --;7.9 THE LITHUANIAN WASTE MANAGEMENT EXPERIENCE --;7.10 AND RISK MANAGEMENT --;7.11 PRODUCT AND ENVIRONMENT --;7.12 PRODUCT AND MARKET --;7.13 REFERENCES --;SECTION 3: UNCED AGENDA 21 AND INTO THE 21st CENTURY --;8 UNCED Agenda 21 Risk Reduction Strategies --;8.1 INTRODUCTION --;8.2 ESTABLISHMENT OF RISK REDUCTION PROGRAMS --;8.2.1 Poland --;8.2.2 Canada --;8.2.3. USA --;8.2.4 New Zealand --;8.3 POLLUTANT RELEASE AND TRANSFER REGISTERS --;8.3.1 USA --;8.3.2 OECD --;8.3.3 New Zealand --;8.4 CODE OF ETHICS ON THE INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN CHEMICALS --;8.5 CLEAN TECHNOLOGY --;8.6 PESTICIDES --;8.7 PREVENTION OF MAJOR INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS --;8.8 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS --;8.9 POISON CONTROL CENTERS --;8.10 CHEMICAL SUBSTITUTION --;8.10.1 Chlorofluorocarbons in medical inhalers --;8.10.2 Lead in petrol --;8.11 RISK REDUCTION PROGRAMS --;8.12 TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS --;8.13 CONCLUDING REMARKS --;8.14 REFERENCES --;9 The Challenge of Chapter 19, Agenda 21: The European Response --;9.1 INTRODUCTION --;9.2 THE RIO CONFERENCE --;9.3 AGENDA 21 --;9.4 CHAPTER 19: 'Environmentally Sound Management of Toxic Chemicals including prevention of illegal international traffic in toxic and dangerous products' --;9.5 THE SIX PROGRAM AREAS.
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9.5.1 Expanding and accelerating the international assessment of chemical risks (A) --;9.5.2 Harmonization of classification and labeling of chemicals (B) --;9.5.3 Information exchange on toxic chemicals and chemical risks (C) --;9.5.4 Establishment of risk reduction programs (D) --;9.5.5 Strengthening of national capabilities for management of chemicals (E) --;9.5.6 Prevention of illegal international traffic in toxic and dangerous products (F) --;9.5.5 Enhancement of international cooperation relating to several of the program areas (G) --;9.6 THE LEGAL STATUS OF INTERNATIONAL PROVISIONS --;9.7 THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY --;9.7.1 The status of the EC as an international player --;9.7.2 The EC response --;9.7.3 Policy --;9.7.4 Legislative --;9.8 EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL AGENCY --;9.9 CONCLUSION --;9.10 REFERENCES --;10 Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers: A Promising Tool to Promote Risk Reduction in Developed and Industrializing Countries --;10.1 INTRODUCTION --;10.2 INTRODUCTION TO THE PRTR CONCEPT --;10.3 EXISTING PRTR SYSTEMS --;10.3.1 United States Toxic Release Inventory (TRI)5 --;10.3.2 Canadian National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI)6 --;10.3.3 The Netherlands Individual and Collective Emissions Inventory7 --;10.3.4 United Kingdom Chemical Release Inventory8 --;10.4 NATIONAL PRTR SYSTEMS UNDER DEVELOPMENT --;10.4.1 The Australian National Pollutant Inventory (NPI)9 --;10.4.2 Mexico's 'Registro de Emisiones y Transferencia de Contaminantes'10 --;10.4.3 South Africa's Pilot PRTR Programme11 --;10.5 USE OF PRTR INFORMATION BY GOVERNMENT, INDUSTRY AND THE PUBLIC --;10.5.1 Use of PRTR information by the government --;10.5.1.1 Streamlining regulatory reporting --;10.5.1.2 Measuring cleaner production --;10.5.1.3 Strengthening national environmental information systems --;10.5.2 Use of PRTR information by industry.
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| Abstract
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Concerned with the need to reduce chemical risks, this text also covers related biological and physical risks. It discusses the decision-making process involving the political, socioeconomic, engineering, and natural sciences so as to develop.
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| Subject
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Chemicals -- Safety measures.
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Energy industries -- Safety measures.
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Environmental policy.
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| LC Classification
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TP149.M478 1996
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| Added Entry
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Mervyn Richardson
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