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BL
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| Record Number
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756331
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b576293
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| Main Entry
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edited by Andreas Diekmann and Peter Mitter ; with contributions by G. Arminger [and others].
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| Title & Author
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Paradoxical effects of social behavior : : essays in honor of Anatol Rapoport\ edited by Andreas Diekmann and Peter Mitter ; with contributions by G. Arminger [and others].
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| Publication Statement
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Heidelberg : Physica-Verlag, ©1986.
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| Page. NO
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(xvi, 341 pages) : illustrations
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| ISBN
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3642958745
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: 9783642958748
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| Contents
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Individual utilities and utilitarian ethics / John C. Harsanyi --; Some paradoxes in economics / Ole Hagen --; Pragmatic intuitions and rational choice / Russell Hardin --; Guidelines for solving Sen's paradox / Eckehart Köhler --; System breaks and positive feedback as sources of catastrophe / Kenneth E. Boulding --; Social structure and the emergence of norms among rational actors / James S. Coleman --; Conditions for cooperation in problematic social situations / Werner Raub and Thomas Voss --; The evolution of reciprocal cooperation / Rudlf A. Schüssler --; Is it always efficient to be nice? : a computer simulation of Axelrod's computer tournament / Christian Donninger --; The prisoner's dilemma and its evolutionary iteration / Werner Leinfellner. The evolution of a prisoner's dilemma in the market / Karl-Dieter Opp --; On explaining the rise of the new social movements in Germany / Lucian Kern and Hans-Georg Räder --; Volunteer's dilemma : a social trap without a dominant strategy and some empirical results / Andreas Diekmann --; Take-some games : the commons dilemma and a land of Cockaigne / Peter Mitter --; Games with perceptive commanders but with indoctrinated or less perceptive subordinates / Martin Shubik --; Moral sentiments and self-interest reconsidered / Manfred J. Holler --; On the economic virtues of incompetency and dishonesty / Andrew Schotter --; New chairman paradoxes / Steven J. Brams, Dan S. Felsenthal, and Zeev Maoz. Cumulative effects of sequential decisions in organizations / Jeroen Weesie and Reinhard Wippler --; Ethnic segmentation as the unintended result of intentional action / Hartmut Esser --; The paradox of privatization in consumption / Siegwart Lindenberg --; Declining life expectancy in a highly developed nation : paradox or statistical artifact? / Reiner Dinkel --; Fallacies and paradoxes casued by heterogeneity / Gerhard Arminger.
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| Abstract
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In the history of science "paradoxes" are not only amusing puzzles and chal℗Ư lenges to the human mind but also driving forces of scientific development. The notion of "paradox" is intimately related to the notion of "contradiction". Logi℗Ư cal paradoxes allow for the derivation of contradictory propositions (e.g. "Rus℗Ư sell's set of all sets not being members of themselves" or the ancient problem with propositions like "I am lying" 1), normative paradoxes deal with contradic℗Ư tions among equally well accepted normative postulates (Arrow's "impossibility theorem", Sen's "Impossibility of a Paretian Liberal") and "factual" paradoxes refer to conflicts between conventional opinion based on an accepted empirical theory and contradictory empirical evidence (e.g. the "St. Petersburg paradox" or the "Allais paradox" in decision theory2). Paradoxes, either logical, normative or factual, also contradict our intui℗Ư tions. The counter-intuitive property which seems to be a common feature of all paradoxes plays an important part in the empirical social sciences, particularly in the old research tradition of scrutinizing the unintended consequences of pur℗Ư posive actions. Expectations based on naive theories ignoring interdependencies between individual actions are very often in conflict with "surprising" empirical evidence on collective results of social behavior. Examples are numerous reach℗Ư ing from panic situations, the individual struggle for status gains resulting in collective deprivation, the less than optimal supply of collective goods etc. to global problems of the armament race and mismanagement of common resources.
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| Subject
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Rapoport, Anatol, -- 1911-2007.
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| Subject
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Social interaction -- Mathematical models -- Congresses.
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| Subject
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Sociology -- Mathematical models -- Congresses.
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| LC Classification
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HM291.E358 1986
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| Added Entry
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Anatol Rapoport
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Andreas Diekmann
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Peter Mitter
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