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BL
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| Record Number
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854160
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| Uniform Title
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Biological psychology
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| Main Entry
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Breedlove, S. Marc
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| Title & Author
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Behavioral neuroscience /\ S. Marc Breedlove, Michigan State University, Neil V. Watson, Simon Fraser University.
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| Edition Statement
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Eighth edition.
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| Publication Statement
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Sunderland, Massachusetts :: Sinauer Associates, Inc., Publishers,, [2018]
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, ©2018
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| Page. NO
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1 volume (various pagings) :: color illustrations ;; 28 cm
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| ISBN
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160535418X
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: 1605356425
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: 160535743X
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: 9781605354187
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: 9781605356426
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: 9781605357430
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| Notes
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Revision of: Biological psychology. 2013. Seventh edition.
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| Bibliographies/Indexes
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Includes bibliographical references and index.
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| Contents
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Machine generated contents note: 1. Behavioral Neuroscience Scope and Outlook -- Human or Machine? 1 The Brain Is Full of Surprises -- What Is Behavioral Neuroscience? -- Five Viewpoints Explore the Biology of Behavior -- Box 1.1 We Are All Alike, and We Are All Different -- Three Approaches Relate Brain and Behavior -- Neuroplasticity: Behavior Can Change the Brain -- Behavioral Neuroscientists Use Several Levels of Analysis -- The Brain and Behavior Are Reciprocally Related -- Behavioral Neuroscience Contributes to Our Understanding of Human Disorders -- Animal Research Makes Vital Contributions -- The History of Research on the Brain and Behavior Begins in Antiquity -- Box 1.2 Bigger Better? The Case of the Brain and Intelligence -- The Cutting Edge Behavioral Neuroscience Is Advancing at a Tremendous Rate -- Visual Summary -- pt. I Biological Foundations of Behavior -- 2. Functional Neuroanatomy The Nervous System and Behavior
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Note continued: 9. Hearing, Vestibular Perception, Taste, and Smell -- No Ear for Music -- Hearing -- Pressure Waves in the Air Are Perceived as Sound -- BOX 9.1 The Basics of Sound -- Auditory Signals Run from Cochlea to Cortex -- Pitch Information Is Encoded in Two Complementary Ways -- Brainstem Auditory Systems Are Specialized for Localizing Sounds -- The Auditory Cortex Processes Complex Sounds -- Hearing Loss Is a Major Disorder of the Nervous System -- Vestibular Perception -- An Inner Ear System Senses Gravity and Acceleration -- Nerve Fibers from the Vestibular Portion of the Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII) Synapse in the Brainstem -- Some Forms of Vestibular Excitation Produce Motion Sickness -- The Chemical Senses: Taste and Smell -- Chemicals in Foods Are Perceived as Five Basic Tastes -- Chemicals in the Air Elicit Odor Sensations -- The Cutting Edge More Than a Matter of Taste -- Visual Summary -- 10. Vision -- From Eye to Brain -- When Seeing Isn't Seeing
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Note continued: A Stimulating Experience 25 Specialized Cells Make Up the Nervous System -- BOX 2.1 Visualizing the Cells of the Brain -- The Nervous System Consists of Central and Peripheral Divisions -- BOX 2.2 Three Customary Orientations for Viewing the Brain and Body -- The Brain Shows Regional Specialization of Functions -- Specialized Support Systems Protect and Nourish the Brain -- Brain-Imaging Techniques Reveal the Structure and Function of the Living Human Brain -- BOX 2.3 Isolating Specific Brain Activity -- The Cutting Edge Two Heads Are Better Than One -- Visual Summary -- 3. Neurophysiology The Generation, Transmission, and Integration of Neural Signals -- The Laughing Brain -- Electrical Signals Are the Vocabulary of the Nervous System -- BOX 3.1 Voltage Clamping and Patch Clamping -- BOX 3.2 Changing the Channel -- Synapses Cause Graded, Local Changes in the Postsynaptic Membrane Potential -- Synaptic Transmission Requires a Sequence of Events
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Note continued: All Vertebrate Brains Share the Same Basic Structures -- The Evolution of Vertebrate Brains Reflects Changes in Behavior -- Many Factors Led to the Rapid Evolution of a Large Cortex in Primates -- BOX 6.3 Evolutionary Psychology -- Evolution Continues Today -- The Cutting Edge Are Humans Still Evolving? -- Visual Summary -- 7. Life-Span Development of the Brain and Behavior -- Overcoming Blindness -- Growth and Development of the Brain Are Orderly Processes -- Development of the Nervous System Can Be Divided into Six Distinct Stages -- BOX 7.1 Degeneration and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue -- BOX 7.2 The Frog Retinotectal System Demonstrates Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors in Neural Development -- Developmental Disorders of the Brain Impair Behavior -- BOX 7.3 Transgenic and Knockout Mice -- Genes Interact with Experience to Guide Brain Development -- Experience Is an Important Influence on Brain Development
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Note continued: BOX 13.2 Body Fat Stores Are Tightly Regulated, Even after Surgical Removal of Fat -- Obesity Is Difficult to Treat -- Eating Disorders Are Life-Threatening -- The Cutting Edge Friends with Benefits -- Visual Summary -- 14. Biological Rhythms, Sleep, and Dreaming -- When Sleep Gets Out of Control -- Biological Rhythms -- Many Animals Show Daily Rhythms in Activity -- The Hypothalamus Houses a Circadian Clock -- Some Biological Rhythms Are Longer or Shorter than a Day -- Sleeping and Waking -- Human Sleep Exhibits Different Stages -- Different Species Provide Clues about the Evolution of Sleep -- Our Sleep Patterns Change across the Life Span -- Manipulating Sleep Reveals an Underlying Structure -- BOX 14.1 Sleep Deprivation Can Be Fatal -- What Are the Biological Functions of Sleep? -- At Least Four Interacting Neural Systems Underlie Sleep -- Sleep Disorders Can Be Serious, Even Life-Threatening -- The Cutting Edge Can Individual Neurons Be "Sleepy"?
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Note continued: BOX 16.2 The Season to Be Depressed? -- There Are Several Types of Anxiety Disorders -- BOX 16.3 Tics, Twitches, and Snorts: The Unusual Character of Tourette's Syndrome -- The Cutting Edge Are Abnormal Eye Movements an Endophenotype for People at Risk for Schizophrenia? -- Visual Summary -- pt. VI Cognitive Neuroscience -- 17. Learning and Memory -- Trapped in the Eternal Now -- Functional Perspectives on Learning and Memory -- There Are Several Kinds of Learning and Memory -- Different Forms of Nondeclarative Memory Involve Different Brain Regions -- Successive Processes Capture, Store, and Retrieve Information in the Brain -- BOX 17.1 Emotions and Memory -- Neural Mechanisms of Memory Storage -- Memory Storage Requires Physical Changes in the Brain -- Invertebrate Nervous Systems Show Plasticity -- Some Simple Learning in Mammals Relies on Circuits in the Cerebellum -- Synaptic Plasticity Can Be Measured in Simple Hippocampal Circuits
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Note continued: BOX 3.3 Electrical Synapses Work with No Time Delay -- Neurons and Synapses Combine to Make Circuits -- Gross Electrical Activity of the Brain Is Readily Detected -- The Cutting Edge Optogenetics: Using Light to Probe Brain-Behavior Relationships -- VISUAL SUMMARY -- 4. The Chemistry Behavior -- Neurotransmitters and Neuropharmacology -- The Birth of a Pharmaceutical Problem Child -- Synaptic Transmission Is a Complex Electrochemical Process -- Many Chemical Neurotransmitters Have Been Identified -- Neurotransmitter Systems Form a Complex Array in the Brain -- BOX 4.1 Pathways for Neurotransmitter Synthesis -- The Effects of a Drug Depend on Its Site of Action and Dose -- Drugs Affect Each Stage of Neural Conduction and Synaptic Transmission -- Some Neuroactive Drugs Ease the Symptoms of Injury or Psychiatric Illness -- Some Neuroactive Drugs Are Used to Alter Conscious Experiences -- Drug Abuse and Addiction Are Widespread Problems
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Note continued: BOX 4.2 Terminology of Substance-Related Disorders -- The Cutting Edge The Needle and the Damage Undone -- Visual Summary -- 5. Hormones and the Brain -- Crafting a Personality Through Hormones -- Hormones Have Many Actions in the Body -- Hormones Have a Variety of Cellular Actions -- BOX 5.1 Techniques of Modern Behavioral Endocrinology -- Each Endocrine Gland Secretes Specific Hormones -- BOX 5.2 Stress and Growth: Psychosocial Dwarfism -- Hormones Affect Behavior in Many Different Ways -- Hormonal and Neural Systems Interact to Produce Integrated Responses -- The Cutting Edge Can Oxytocin Treat Autism? -- Visual Summary -- pt. II Evolution and Development of the Nervous System -- 6. Evolution of the Brain and Behavior -- We Are Not So Different, Are We? -- How Did the Enormous Variety of Species Arise on Earth? -- Why Should We Study Other Species? -- BOX 6.1 Why Should We Study Particular Species? -- BOX 6.2 To Each Its Own Sensory World
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Note continued: In the Adult Brain, Newly Born Neurons May Aid Learning -- Learning and Memory Change as We Age -- The Cutting Edge Artificial Activation of an Engram -- Visual Summary -- 18. Attention and Higher Cognition -- One Thing at a Time -- Attention -- Attention Selects Stimuli for Processing -- Attention Is Deployed in Several Different Ways -- BOX 18.1 Reaction Time Responses, from Input to Output -- Attention Affects the Functioning of the Brain -- A Network of Brain Sites Creates and Directs Attention -- Disorders Provide Clues about the Organization of Attention -- Consciousness, Thought, and Executive Function -- Consciousness Is a Mysterious Product of the Brain -- BOX 18.2 Phineas Gage -- The Cutting Edge Building a Better Mind Reader -- Visual Summary -- 19. Language and Lateralization -- Silencing the Inner Voice -- Brain Asymmetry and the Lateralization of Function -- The Left Brain Is Different from the Right Brain -- BOX 19.1 The Wada Test
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Note continued: Right-Hemisphere Damage Impairs Spatial Cognition -- Language Disorders Result from Region-Specific Brain Damage -- Competing Models Describe the Left-Hemisphere Language System -- Brain Mapping Provides Information about the Organization of Language in the Brain -- Verbal Behavior: Speech and Reading -- Language Has Both Learned and Unlearned Components -- BOX 19.2 Williams Syndrome Offers Clues about Language -- BOX 19.3 Vocal Behavior in Birds and Other Species -- Reading Skills Are Difficult to Acquire and Frequently Impaired -- Recovery of Function -- Stabilization and Reorganization Are Crucial for Recovery of Function -- BOX 19.4 The Amazing Resilience of a Child's Brain -- The Cutting Edge Contact Sports Can Be Costly -- Visual Summary.
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Note continued: Sexual Differentiation -- Sex Determination and Sexual Differentiation Occur Early in Development -- How Should We Define Gender -- by Genes, Gonads, Genitals, or the Brain? -- Gonadal Hormones Direct Sexual Differentiation of the Brain and Behavior -- BOX 12.1 The Paradoxical Sexual Differentiation of the Spotted Hyena -- Do Fetal Hormones Masculinize Human Behaviors in Adulthood? -- The Cutting Edge Sex on the Brain -- Visual Summary -- 13. Homeostasis -- Active Regulation of the Internal -- Environment -- Harsh Reality -- Homeostasis Maintains a Consistent Internal Environment: The Example of Thermoregulation -- BOX 13.1 Physiological and Behavioral Thermoregulation Are Integrated -- Fluid Regulation -- Two Internal Cues Trigger Thirst -- Food and Energy Regulation -- Nutrient Regulation Helps Prepare for Future Needs -- Insulin Is Crucial for the Regulation of Body Metabolism -- The Hypothalamus Coordinates Multiple Systems That Control Hunger
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Note continued: The Brain Continues to Change as We Grow Older -- The Cutting Edge Genetically Reversing an Inherited Brain Disorder -- Visual Summary -- pt. III Perception and Action -- 8. General Principles of Sensory Processing, Touch, and Pain -- What's Hot? What's Not? -- Sensory Processing -- Sensory Receptor Organs Detect Energy or Substances -- What Type of Stimulus Was That? -- Sensory Processing Begins in Receptor Cells -- Sensory Information Processing Is Selective and Analytical -- BOX 8.1 Synesthesia -- Touch: Many Sensations Blended Together -- Skin Is a Complex Organ That Contains a Variety of Sensory Receptors -- The Dorsal Column System Carries Somatosensory Information from the Skin to the Brain -- Pain: An Unpleasant but Adaptive Experience -- Human Pain Can Be Measured -- Social Rejection Hurts Too -- Pain Can Be Difficult to Control -- The Cutting Edge Evolving an Indifference to Toxins -- Visual Summary
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Note continued: The Neuroscience View Reveals Hierarchical Systems -- The Spinal Cord Is a Crucial Link in Controlling Body Movement -- Pathways from the Brain Control Different Aspects of Movements -- BOX 11.1 Cortical Neurons Can Guide a Robotic Arm -- Extrapyramidal Systems Also Modulate Motor Commands -- Brain Disorders Can Disrupt Movement -- BOX 11.2 Prion-Like Neurodegeneration May Be at Work in Parkinson's -- The Cutting Edge Cerebellar Glia Play a Role in Fine Motor Coordination -- Visual Summary -- pt. IV Regulation and Behavior -- 12. Sex Evolutionary, Hormonal, and Neural Bases -- Genitals and Gender: What Makes Us Male and Female? -- Sexual Behavior -- Reproductive Behavior Can Be Divided into Four Stages -- The Neural Circuitry of the Brain Regulates Reproductive Behavior -- Pheromones Guide Reproductive Behavior in Many Species -- The Hallmark of Human Sexual Behavior Is Diversity -- For Many Vertebrates, Parental Care Determines Offspring Survival
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Note continued: The Visual System Extends from the Eye to the Brain -- BOX 10.1 The Basics of Light -- Neural Signals Travel from the Retina to Several Brain Regions -- BOX 10.2 Eyes with Lenses Have Evolved in Several Phyla -- Neurons at Different Levels of the Visual System Have Very Different Receptive Fields -- Area V1 Is Organized in Columns -- Color Vision Depends on Special Channels from the Retinal Cones through Cortical Area V4 -- BOX 10.3 Most Mammalian Species Have Some Color Vision -- Perception of Visual Motion Is Analyzed by a Special System That Includes Cortical Area V5 -- The Many Cortical Visual Areas Are Organized into Two Major Streams -- Visual Neuroscience Can Be Applied to Alleviate Some Visual Deficiencies -- The Cutting Edge Seeing the Light 332 B VISUAL SUMMARY -- 11. Motor Control and Plasticity -- What You See Is What You Get -- The Behavioral View Considers Reflexes versus Plans -- The Control Systems View Considers Accuracy versus Speed
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Note continued: Visual Summary -- pt. V Emotions and Mental Disorders -- 15. Emotions, Aggression, and Stress -- The Hazards of Fearlessness -- What Are Emotions? -- Broad Theories of Emotion Emphasize Bodily Responses -- BOX 15.1 Lie Detector? -- Emotions from the Evolutionary Viewpoint -- How Many Emotions Do We Experience? -- Do Distinct Brain Circuits Mediate Different Emotions? -- Neural Circuitry, Hormones, and Synaptic Transmitters Mediate Violence and Aggression -- Stress Activates Many Bodily Responses -- Stress and Emotions Affect the Immune System -- The Cutting Edge Synaptic Changes during Fear Conditioning -- Visual Summary -- 16. Psychopathology -- Biological Basis of Behavioral Disorders -- "The Voice" -- The Toll of Psychiatric Disorders Is Huge -- Schizophrenia Is the Major Neurobiological Challenge in Psychiatry -- BOX 16.1 Long-Term Effects of Antipsychotic Drugs -- Mood Disorders Are a Major Psychiatric Category
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| Abstract
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For 20 years, instructors have relied on the textbook 'Biological psychology' for a definitive and comprehensive survey of the neuroscience of behaviour. Thanks to the explosion of work in the neurosciences, each of the seven editions has included more neural details than the one before. Thus the time has come to revise the title to reflect the evolution of both the book and the field: behavioural neuroscience. 'Behavioral neuroscience', Eighth Edition, provides undergraduates with a lively survey of the field. It offers a broad perspective, encompassing cutting edge neuroscience, lucid descriptions of behaviour, evolutionary and developmental perspectives, and clinical applications of research. Despite this comprehensive range of material, the authors have striven in the latest revision to lay bare the neuroscience concepts underlying behaviour with concision and clarity.
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| Subject
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Psychobiology.
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Health and Fitness.
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Health and Wellbeing.
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Psychobiology.
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Psychophysiology.
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Behavior-- physiology.
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Neuropsychology.
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| Dewey Classification
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612.8
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| LC Classification
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QP360.B727 2017
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| NLM classification
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2018 D-017
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WL 103
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44.90bcl
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QZ 4588 BRE.uk-btusl
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| Added Entry
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Watson, Neil V., (Neil Verne),1962-
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