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BL
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| Record Number
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861590
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| Main Entry
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Peterson, Thomas J.
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| Title & Author
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Cryogenic safety : : a guide to best practice in the lab and workplace /\ Thomas J. Peterson and J.G. Weisend II ; with contributions by John M. Jurns, Stephen S. Woods.
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| Publication Statement
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Cham, Switzerland :: Springer,, [2019]
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, ©2019
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| Series Statement
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International cryogenics monograph series
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| Page. NO
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1 online resource
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| ISBN
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303016506X
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: 3030165078
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: 3030165086
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: 9783030165062
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: 9783030165079
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: 9783030165086
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9783030165062
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| Bibliographies/Indexes
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Includes bibliographical references and index.
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| Contents
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Intro; Acknowledgements; Introduction; References; Contents; Authors and Contributors; 1 Properties of Fluids and Materials at Cryogenic Temperatures; 1.1 Example Accident; 1.2 Introduction; 1.3 Cryogenic Fluids; 1.3.1 Volume Ratios; 1.3.2 Flammability Hazards; 1.3.3 Oxygen Hazards; 1.3.4 Liquid Nitrogen and Ionizing Radiation; 1.3.5 Cold Hazards; 1.4 Cryogenic Properties of Materials; 1.4.1 Appropriate and Inappropriate Materials for Cryogenics; 1.4.2 Hydrogen Embrittlement; 1.4.3 Thermal Contraction; 1.4.4 Strength; 1.5 Sources of Material Property Data; 1.5.1 Properties of Cryogenic Fluids
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1.5.2 Cryogenic Properties of Materials1.5.3 Research on Material Properties; 1.6 Best Practices; References; 2 General Cryogenic Safety; 2.1 Example Accident; 2.2 Introduction; 2.3 Effects of Cold; 2.3.1 Mitigation; 2.4 Personal Protective Equipment; 2.5 First Aid; 2.6 Handling of Cryostats and Dewars; 2.7 Pressurized Systems; 2.8 Presence of Magnetic Fields; 2.9 Housekeeping; 2.10 Job Hazard Analysis, Procedures, Training and Safe Work Culture; 2.10.1 Job Hazard Analysis; 2.10.2 Procedures; 2.10.3 Training; 2.10.4 Safe Work Culture; 2.11 Best Practices; Appendix; References
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3 Pressure Safety in Cryogenics3.1 Example Accident; 3.2 Cryogenic Pressure Safety-Introduction and Safety Requirements; 3.3 Sources of Pressure; 3.4 Analytical Methods for Vent Line and Relief Sizing; 3.5 Relief Devices; 3.6 Examples of Venting System Analyses; 3.7 Examples of the Impact on Cryogenic Design; 3.8 More General Cryogenic System Safety Reviews; 3.9 Conclusions and Best Practices; References; 4 Oxygen Deficiency Hazards; 4.1 Example Accident; 4.2 Nature of the Hazard; 4.3 Basics of ODH Safety; 4.4 Mitigations; 4.5 ODH Risk Analysis; 4.5.1 Scaling Analysis; 4.5.2 Risk Assessment
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4.6 Proper Response to ODH Alarms and Events4.7 Helium Vapor Release Studies and Numerical Modeling; 4.8 Best Practices; Appendix; References; 5 Oxygen Safety; 5.1 Example Accident; 5.2 History; 5.2.1 Discovery; 5.2.2 Production and Distribution; 5.2.3 Accidents; 5.3 Properties; 5.4 Basic Principles for the Safe Use of Oxygen; 5.4.1 Liquid Oxygen Safety; 5.4.2 Gaseous Oxygen Safety; 5.5 Oxygen Enrichment-What Happens if There is Too Much Oxygen?; 5.5.1 Causes; 5.6 Oxygen Deficiency-What Happens if There is Too Little Oxygen?; 5.6.1 Causes; 5.6.2 Hazards; 5.7 Personnel Safety and Health
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5.7.1 Review/Maintenance5.7.2 Certification; 5.7.3 Emergency Response; 5.7.4 Buddy System; 5.8 System Design; 5.8.1 Overall Guidelines; 5.8.2 Reviews; 5.8.3 Typical Review Stages; 5.9 Design of Gaseous Oxygen (GOX) Systems; 5.10 Design of Liquid Oxygen (LOX) Systems; 5.11 Material Compatibility; 5.12 Construction/Fabrication/Operations; 5.12.1 Facility Planning; 5.12.2 Manufacturing, Installation and Operations; 5.13 Cleaning; 5.14 Oxygen Hazards Examples (Informative); 5.14.1 Example 1-Suitability of G10 for Instrumentation Support in a LOX Cryostat
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| Abstract
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This book describes the current state of the art in cryogenic safety best practice, helping the reader to work with cryogenic systems and materials safely. It brings together information from previous texts, industrial and laboratory safety polices, and recent research papers. Case studies, example problems, and an extensive list of references are included to add to the utility of the text. It describes the unique safety hazards posed by cryogenics in all its guises, including issues associated with the extreme cold of cryogenics, the flammability of some cryogenic fluids, the displacement of oxygen by inert gases boiling off from cryogenic fluids, and the high pressures that can be formed during the volume expansion that occurs when a cryogenic fluid becomes a room temperature gas. A further chapter considers the challenges arising from the behavior of materials at cryogenic temperatures. Many materials are inappropriate for use in cryogenics and can fail, resulting in hazardous conditions. Despite these hazards, work at cryogenic temperatures can be performed safely. The book also discusses broader safety issues such as hazard analysis, establishment of a safe work culture and lessons learned from cryogenic safety in accelerator labs. This book is designed to be useful to everyone affected by cryogenic hazards regardless of their expertise in cryogenics.
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| Subject
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Low temperature engineering-- Safety measures.
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Low temperature engineering-- Safety measures.
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| Subject
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TECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING-- Mechanical.
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| Dewey Classification
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621.59
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| LC Classification
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TP482
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| Added Entry
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Weisend, J. G.
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