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" Stormwater design for sustainable development / "
Ronald L. Rossmiller.
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BL
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| Record Number
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872013
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Rossmiller, Ronald Leroy.
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| Title & Author
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Stormwater design for sustainable development /\ Ronald L. Rossmiller.
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| Publication Statement
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New York :: McGraw-Hill Education,, [2014]
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xxv, 401 pages :: illustrations ;; 25 cm
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| ISBN
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0071816526
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: 9780071816526
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| Notes
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Includes index.
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| Contents
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Machine generated contents note: 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Why This Book -- 1.1.1. Where We Were and Are Now -- 1.1.2. For Whom Was This Book Written? -- 1.1.3. Purposes of This Book -- 1.1.4. Sustainability and the Triple Bottom Line -- 1.2. The Book's Contents -- 1.3.A Better Way to Develop Land -- 1.4. Intent of This Book -- 1.5. Spreadsheets -- 1.6.Organization of the Book -- 1.7. Some Final Thoughts -- 2. Developing Low-Impact Developments -- 2.1. Low-Impact Development -- 2.2. America Is Becoming Green -- 2.3. Maximize Development's Attractiveness -- 2.4. Minimize Runoff Rates and Volumes -- 2.5. Maximize Reduction of Pollutants -- 2.6. Minimize Construction, Operation, and Maintenance Costs -- 2.7. Educational Opportunities -- 2.8. Realistic Approach -- 2.8.1. Evolution of a Development -- 2.8.2. Some Suggestions -- 2.9. Balanced-Layered Approach to Sustainability -- 2.9.1. Local Streets -- 2.9.2. Sidewalks -- 2.9.3. Lot Sizes -- 2.9.4. Front-Yard Setbacks (Coving) -- 2.9.5. Side-Yard Setbacks -- 2.9.6. Driveways -- 2.9.7. Gathering Places: Open Space -- 2.9.8. Architecture -- 2.9.9. Rain Gardens -- 2.9.10. Lawns, Shrubs, and Trees -- 2.9.11. Other BMPs -- 2.10. Summary -- 3. Coving and Curvilinear Streets -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2.A Better Approach -- 3.3. Coving (Front-Yard Setbacks) -- 3.4. Benefits of Coving and Curvilinear Streets -- 3.5. Traditional Subdivision -- 3.6. Newer Neighborhood Approach -- 3.7. Newer Neighborhood Concept Applications -- 3.8. Altoona Heights -- 3.8.1. Traditional Grid Streets -- 3.8.2. Curvilinear Streets -- 3.9. Walnut Creek Highlands -- 3.9.1. Traditional Grid Streets -- 3.9.2. Curvilinear Streets -- 3.10. Santiago Creek -- 3.10.1. Traditional Grid Streets -- 3.10.2. Curvilinear Streets -- 3.11. Summary -- 4. Planning -- 4.1. Planning a New or Retrofitting an Existing Development -- 4.2. Fatal Flaw Analysis -- 4.3. Proposed Land Use -- 4.4. Information Needed -- 4.4.1. Topographic Information -- 4.4.2. Survey and Boundary Data -- 4.4.3. Soils and Geologic Data -- 4.4.4. Hydrologic and Hydraulic Data -- 4.4.5. Regulatory Data -- 4.5. Other Basic Information Needs -- 4.5.1. Political Considerations -- 4.5.2. Social Considerations -- 4.5.3. Financial Considerations -- 4.5.4. Information on BMPs -- 5. Types of Best Management Practices -- 5.1. Land-Consuming Detention Basins -- 5.2. Purposes of BMPs -- 5.3. Types of BMPs -- 5.3.1. EPA's Definition -- 5.3.2. Source Controls -- 5.3.3. Treatment Controls -- 5.3.4. BMP Descriptions -- 5.4. Greenroofs -- 5.4.1. Definition of a Greenroof -- 5.4.2. Discussion -- 5.5. Catch Basin Inserts -- 5.5.1. Definition -- 5.5.2. Variety of Manufactured Inserts -- 5.6. Lawns -- 5.6.1. Definition -- 5.6.2. Discussion -- 5.7. Vegetated Swales (Bioswales) -- 5.7.1. Definition -- 5.7.2. Description -- 5.8. Infiltration Trenches -- 5.8.1. Definition -- 5.8.2. Advantages -- 5.8.3. Design -- 5.9. Rain Gardens (Rain Garden Network, 2008a) -- 5.9.1. Definition -- 5.92. Discussion -- 5.9.3. Soil Types -- 5.9.4. Benefits (Rain Garden Network, 2008b) -- 5.9.5. Size and Installation -- 5.10. Perforated Pipe Surrounded by Gravel -- 5.10.1. Location and Construction -- 5.11. Porous Pavements -- 5.11.1. Definition -- 5.112. Locations Where Used -- 5.11.3. Layers -- 5.11.4. Design Considerations -- 5.11.5. Construction Considerations for Porous Asphalt Concrete -- 5.12. Permeable Pavements -- 5.12.1. Definition -- 5.13. Sediment Basins -- 5.13.1. Definition -- 5.13.2. Discussion -- 5.14. Extended Detention Basins -- 5.14.1. Definition -- 5.142. Discussion -- 5.15. Dry Detention Basins -- 5.15.1. Definition -- 5.15.2. Discussion -- 5.15.3. Forebays -- 5.16. Wet Detention Basins -- 5.16.1. Definition -- 5.162. Difference from a Dry Detention Basin -- 5.17. Buffer Zones -- 5.17.1. Definition -- 5.172. Discussion -- 5.17.3. Widths -- 5.17.4. Three-Zone Buffer System -- 5.17.5. Maintenance Considerations -- 5.17.6. Design Factors -- 6. Precipitation -- 6.1. Summary of First Five Chapters -- 6.2. Introduction -- 6.3. Rainfall Gaging Stations -- 6.3.1. Standard Gage -- 6.3.2. Weighing Bucket -- 6.3.3. Tipping Bucket -- 6.3.4. Alter Shield -- 6.3.5. Volunteers -- 6.3.6. Gage Locations -- 6.3.7. Areal Extent and Rainfall Depths in a Storm -- 6.4. Average Rainfall over an Area -- 6.4.1. Arithmetic Mean Method -- 6.42. Thiessen Method -- 6.4.3. Isohyetal Method -- 6.5. Rainfall Intensity -- 6.6. Storm Duration -- 6.7. Rainfall Depth -- 6.8. Lime Distribution of Rainfall -- 6.9. Variables Needed for Development and Other Projects -- 6.10. Madison, Wisconsin, as a Case Study -- 7. Drainage Area Estimation -- 7.1. Definition and Comments -- 7.2. Steps in Watershed Delineation -- 7.3. Available Computer Tools -- 7.4. Topographic Maps -- 7.5. Stream Network -- 7.6. Watershed Delineation in Rural Areas -- 7.6.1. Stream Network -- 7.6.2. Watershed Boundary -- 7.7. Watershed Delineation in Urban Areas -- 7.7.1. Stream Network -- 7.7.2. Watershed Boundary -- 7.8. Subarea Boundaries -- 7.9. Drainage Area Estimation -- 7.10. Rural and Urban Areas -- 7.11. Subtlety in Urban Areas -- 7.12. Stream Network -- 7.13. Detailed Drainage Area Delineation Summary -- 7.13.1. Laying Out a Cross Section -- 7.13.2. Field Observations -- 7.13.3. Subareas -- 7.14.A Final Thought -- 8. Time of Concentration Estimation -- 8.1. Definition -- 8.2. Types of Equations -- 8.3.Components of Tc -- 8.4. Overland Flow or Sheet Flow -- 8.4.1. Overland Flow Equations -- 8.5. Shallow Concentrated Flow -- 8.6. Channel Flow -- 8.7. Estimation of Tc -- 8.8. Example of Tc Calculations -- 8.8.1. Example 8.1 -- 8.9. Detailed Tc Estimation -- 8.10. What Should I Do?
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9. Sizing BMPs -- 9.1. Decisions and Calculations Already Made -- 9.2. Steps Needed to Complete the Design Process -- 9.3. Allowable Headwater Depth -- 9.4. Depth or Elevation versus Storage Relationship -- 9.5. Inflow Hydrograph Methodology -- 9.6. Depth or Elevation versus Outflow Relationship -- 9.7. Routing Methodology -- 10. Allowable Depths -- 10.1. Definitions -- 10.2. Roadways for New or Existing Detention Basins -- 10.3. Berms for Many BMPs -- 10.4. Site Characteristics -- 10.5. Institutional Guidelines -- 10.6. Land Use -- 10.7. Return Periods -- 10.8. Freeboard -- 10.9. Caution -- 11. Depth-Storage Relationships -- 11.1. Definition -- 11.2. Equations -- 11.3. Examples -- 11.3.1. Example 11.1 -- 11.3.2. Example 11.2 -- 11.3.3. Example 11.3 -- 11.3.4. Example 11.4 -- 11.3.5. Example 11.5 -- 11.4. Summary -- 12. Inflow Hydrographs -- 12.1. Introduction -- 12.2. Hydrologic Cycle -- 12.3. Hydrograph Methods -- 12.4. Hydrograph Development -- 12.4.1. Time of Concentration -- 124.2. Runoff Curve Number -- 12.4.3. Subareas -- 12.4.4. Hydrograph Variables -- 12.4.5. Hydrograph Ordinates -- 12.5. Potential Attenuation of Inflow Hydrographs -- 12.6. Example 12.1 -- 12.6.1. Times of Concentration -- 12.62. Curve Number -- 12.6.3. Hydrograph Variables -- 12.6.4. Hydrograph Ordinates -- 12.6.5. Attenuation of Inflow Hydrographs -- 12.7. Example 12.2: Catfish Creek Tributary -- 12.7.1. Drainage Areas -- 12.7.2. Soil Types -- 12.7.3. Antecedent Moisture Condition -- 12.7.4. Land Uses -- 12.7.5. Curve Numbers -- 12.7.6. Times of Concentration and Travel Times -- 12.7.7. Rainfall -- 12.7.8. Inflow Hydrographs -- 12.8. Nuances of the Method -- 12.8.1. Rainfall -- 12.8.2. Time of Concentration -- 12.8.3. Runoff Curve Number -- 12.8.4. Hydrograph Variables and Ordinates -- 12.9. Summary -- 13. Basic Hydraulics -- 13.1. Introduction -- 13.2. Conservation of Mass -- 13.3. Total Energy -- 13.4. Bernouilli's Equation -- 13.5. Specific Energy -- 13.6. Froude Number -- 13.7. Manning's Equation -- 13.8. Critical Depth -- 13.9. Normal Depth -- 13.10. Example 13.1 -- 13.10.1. Critical Depth -- 13.10.2. Normal Depth -- 13.10.3. Froude Number -- 13.10.4. Is This a Hydraulically Mild or Hydraulically Steep Slope? -- 13.11. Spreadsheets -- 13.12. Conduit Slope -- 13.13. Hydraulic Jump -- 13.14. Friction Loss -- 13.15. Summary -- 14. Culvert Hydraulics -- 14.1. Introduction -- 14.2. Design Sequence -- 14.3. Determine AHW -- 14.3.1. Site Characteristics -- 14.3.2. Institutional Guidelines -- 14.4. Estimate Design Flow Rates -- 14.5. Select Culvert Characteristics -- 14.6. Location of Control Section -- 14.6.1. Inlet Control Factors -- 14.6.2. Outlet Control Factors -- 14.7. Hydraulic Design -- 14.8. Determine Critical and Normal Depths -- 14.9. Inlet Control Charts -- 14.10. Outlet Control Charts -- 14.11. Performance Curves -- 14.12. Outlet Transitions -- 14.13. Pipe Protective Measures Affecting Culvert Hydraulics -- 14.14. Summary -- 15. Riser Structure Design -- 15.1. Introduction -- 15.2.A Caution -- 15.3. Orifices -- 15.3.1. Area and Gravity -- 15.3.2. Coefficient of Discharge -- 15.3.3. Heads on an Orifice -- 15.4. Weirs -- 15.4.1. Coefficient of Discharge -- 15.4.2. Length -- 15.4.3. Head -- 15.5. Is a Weir Always a Weir Just as an Orifice Is Always an Orifice? -- 15.6. Water Quality Outlets -- 15.7. Examples -- 15.7.1. Example 15.1: Short, Steep 24-Inch RCP with a 50-Degree V-Notch Weir -- 15.7.2. Example 15.2: Rectangular Weir in a Riser -- 15.7.3. Example 15.3: Vertical Perforated Riser -- 15.7.4. Example 15.4: Riser with Multiple Outlets -- 15.8. Summary -- 16. Hydrograph Routing -- 16.1. Introduction -- 16.2. Routing Equation -- 16.3. Routing Curve -- 16.4. Routing Procedure -- 16.5. Example 16.1 -- 16.5.1. Description -- 16.5.2. Inflow Hydrographs -- 165.3. Elevation Storage -- 16.5.4. Elevation Outflow -- 16.5.5. Routing Curve -- 16.5.6. Routing the 2-Year Hydrograph through Catfish Creek Tributary -- 16.5.7. Routing the 100-Year Hydrograph through Catfish Creek Tributary -- 16.6. Cost and Summary -- Appendices -- A. Retrofit for Catfish Creek -- A.1. Problem Statement -- A.2. Permanent Pond Elevation -- A.3. Top of Riser Elevation -- A.4. Inflow Hydrographs -- A.5. Revised Storage Volumes -- A.6. Attenuation of Inflow Hydrographs -- A.7. Elevation-Outflow Calculations for the 2-Year Orifice -- A.8. Elevation-Outflow Calculations for the Top of Riser -- A.9. Total Riser Inflows -- A.10. Routing Curve -- A.11. Hydrograph Routing for the Water Quality Storm Event -- A.12. Hydrograph Routing for the 100-Year Storm Event -- A.13. Cost -- A.14. Summary.
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B. Greenroofs -- B.1. Definition -- B.2. Apartment Building -- B.2.1. Drainage Area -- B.2.2. Time of Concentration -- B.2.3.100-Year Inflow Hydrograph -- B.2.4. Depth-Storage Calculations -- B.2.5. Depth-Outflow Calculations -- B.2.6. Routing Curve Calculations -- B.2.7.100-Year Hydrograph Routing -- B.3. Summary -- C. Residential Rain Gardens -- C.1. Definition -- C.2. Introduction -- C.3. Description of Rain Garden Example -- C.3.1. Front Yard and Street Runoff Volume -- C.3.2. Lime of Concentration -- C.3.3. Runoff Hydrograph -- C.3.4. Storage Volume -- C.3.5. Outflow Rate -- C.3.6. Routing Curve -- C.3.7. Hydrograph Routing -- C.3.8. Summary -- C.4. Revised Rain Garden Example -- C.4.1. Runoff Volume -- C.4.2. Time of Concentration -- C.4.3. Runoff Hydrograph -- C.4.4. Storage Volume -- C.4.5. Outflow Rate -- C.4.6. Routing Curve -- C.4.7. Hydrograph Routing -- C.4.8. Summary -- D. Vegetated Swale (Bioswale) -- D.1. Definition -- D.2. Apartment Complex -- D.2.1. Tributary Drainage Area -- D.2.2. Undeveloped Peak How Rate -- D.2.3. Time of Concentration -- D.2.4. Runoff Curve Number -- D.2.5.100-Year Inflow Hydrograph -- D.2.6. Storage Volume -- D.2.7. Depth-Outflow Calculations -- D.2.8. Routing Curve Calculations -- D.2.9.100-Year Hydrograph Routing -- D.2.10. Outlet Structure Summary -- D.3. Alternative Outlet Structure -- D.3.1. Routing Curve Calculations -- D.3.2.100-Year Routing Calculations -- D.3.3. Summary -- E. Parking Lots -- E.1. Introduction -- E.2. Original Problem Description -- E.2.1.100-Year Inflow Hydrograph -- E.2.2. Depth-Storage Calculations -- E.2.3. Depth-Outflow Calculations -- E.2.4. Routing Curve Calculations -- E.2.5.100-Year Hydrograph Routing -- E.2.6. Parking Lot Cost -- E.2.7. Summary -- E.3. Modified Parking Lot Drainage -- E.3.1. Depth-Outflow Calculations -- E.3.2. Routing Curve Calculations -- E.3.3.100-Year Routing Calculations -- E.3.4. Cost -- E.3.5. Summary of Revised Parking Lot Drainage -- E.4. Porous Pavement Parking Lot -- E.4.1.100-Year Inflow Hydrograph -- E.4.2. Depth-Storage Calculations -- E.4.3. Depth-Outflow Calculations -- E.4.4. Routing Curve Calculations -- E.4.5.100-Year Hydrograph Routing -- E.4.6. Cost -- E.4.7. Summary of Porous Pavement Alternative -- E.5. Summary of the Three Alternatives -- F. Single-Family Neighborhood -- F.1. Introduction -- F.2. Traditional Subdivision -- F.3. Curvilinear Streets -- F.4. Questions Needing to Be Answered -- F.5. Answers to These Questions -- F.5.1. Site's Southeastern Portion -- F.5.2. Site's Northwestern Portion -- F.5.3. Site's Main Portion -- F.5.4. Peak Flow Rates and Runoff Water Quality -- F.6. Runoff Curve Numbers -- F.7. Limes of Concentration -- F.8. Peak Flow Rate Reductions -- F.9. Hydrograph Development -- F.10. Basin Elevation-Storage Calculations -- F.11. Outflow Structure -- F.12. Revised Elevation-Storage Calculations -- F.13. Outlet Structure Hydraulics -- F.13.1. Outlet Pipe Calculations -- F.13.2. Orifice for the 2-Year Water Quality Event -- F.13.3. Orifice for the 10-Year Storm Event -- F.13.4. Orifice for the 100-Year Storm Event -- F.13.5. Total Flow through the Outlet Pipe -- F.13.6. Routing Curve Calculations -- F.14. Hydrograph Routing through Fig. F.4 -- F.14.1. Routing of the 2-Year, 24-Hour Hydrograph -- F.14.2. Routing of the 10-Year, 24-Hour Hydrograph -- F.14.3. Routing of the 100-Year, 24-Hour Hydrograph -- F.15. Summary of Appendix F -- G. Office Park -- G.1. Original Problem Description -- G.1.1. Rainfall -- G.1.2. Limes of Concentration -- G.1.3. Runoff Curve Numbers -- G.1.4. Inflow Hydrographs -- G.1.5. Depth-Storage Relationship -- G.1.6. Depth-Outflow Relationship -- G.1.7. Routing Curve -- G.1.8.2-Year Hydrograph Routing -- G.1.9.10-Year Hydrograph Routing -- G.1.10.100-Year Hydrograph Routing -- G.1.11. Cost -- G.1.12. Summary -- G.2. Revised Problem Description -- G.3. Rooftops -- G.3.1. Description -- G.3.2. Limes of Concentration -- G.3.3. Inflow Hydrographs on Roofs A, C, F, H -- G.3.4. Inflow Hydrographs on Roofs B, D, E, G -- G.3.5. Depth-Storage Calculations -- G.3.6. Depth-Outflow Calculations -- G.3.7. Routing Curve Calculations -- G.3.8. Hydrograph Routing for Roofs A, C, F, H -- G.3.9. Hydrograph Routing for Roofs B, D, E, G -- G.4. Larger Rain Gardens -- G.4.1. Description -- G.4.2. Inflow Hydrographs -- G.4.3. Depth-Storage Calculations -- G.4.4. Depth-Outflow Calculations -- G.4.5. Routing Curve Calculations -- G.4.6. Hydrograph Routing -- G.5. Smaller Rain Gardens -- G.5.1. Description -- G.5.2. Inflow Hydrographs -- G.5.3. Depth-Storage Calculations -- G.5.4. Depth-Outflow Calculations -- G.5.5. Routing Curve Calculations -- G.5.6. Hydrograph Routing -- G.6. Interior Courtyard and Recreational Area -- G.6.1. Description -- G.6.2. Inflow Hydrographs -- G.6.3. Depth-Storage Calculations -- G.6.4. Depth-Outflow Calculations -- G.6.5. Routing Curve Calculations -- G.6.6. Hydrograph Routing -- G.7. Summary -- H. Industrial Site -- H.1. Introduction -- H.2. Roof -- H.3. Production Space Roof -- H.3.1. Lime of Concentration -- H.3.2.100-Year Inflow Hydrograph -- H.3.3. Depth-Storage Calculations -- H.3.4. Depth-Outflow Calculations -- H.3.5. Routing Curve Calculations -- H.3.6.100-Year Hydrograph Routing -- H.4. Offices Area Roof -- H.4.1. Time of Concentration -- H.4.2.100-Year Inflow Hydrograph -- H.4.3. Depth-Storage Calculations -- H.4.4. Depth-Outflow Calculations -- H.4.5. Routing Curve Calculations -- H.4.6.100-Year Hydrograph Routing -- H.5. Bioswale -- H.5.1. Lime of Concentration -- H.52.100-Year Inflow Hydrograph -- H.5.3. Depth-Storage Calculations -- H.5.4. Depth-Outflow Calculations -- H.5.5. Routing Curve Calculations -- H.5.6.100-Year Hydrograph Routing -- H.5.7. Summary of Production Space Roof and Bioswale -- H.6. Rain Garden -- H.6.1. Lime of Concentration -- H.6.2.100-Year Inflow Hydrograph -- H.6.3. Depth-Storage Calculations -- H.6.4. Depth-Outflow Calculations -- H.6.5. Routing Curve Calculations -- H.6.6.100-Year Hydrograph Routing -- H.7. Porous Concrete Areas -- H.7.1. Lime of Concentration -- H.7.2.100-Year Inflow Hydrograph -- H.7.3. Depth-Storage Calculations -- H.7.4. Depth-Outflow Calculations -- H.7.5. Routing Curve Calculations -- H.7.6.100-Year Hydrograph Routing -- H.7.7. Summary of Porous Pavement -- H.8. Summary of the Industrial Site -- I. Potential Source Control Best Management Practices -- J. Manning's Roughness Coefficients, n -- K. References.
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| Abstract
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"Complete coverage of managing stormwater runoff through sustainable design and development. Stormwater Design for Sustainable Development is an essential guide to the current practice of stormwater management in urban environments. When federal and state laws were passed addressing public concerns about nuisance and damaging flooding, water quality, and water resources, the responses included facilities crammed into developments as afterthoughts. This book offers ways to blend these efforts into neighborhoods, and commercial and industrial areas as natural features of them. Covers social, environmental, and economic concerns and issues Features numerous examples and land use plan views Contains detailed calculations for the design of best management practices for water quantity control and enhancement of water quality runoff Includes well-tested spreadsheets with all calculations for each step in the design process Reviews current regulations"--
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Drainage.
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Storm sewers.
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Sustainable development.
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Urban runoff-- Management.
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Drainage.
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Storm sewers.
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Sustainable development.
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TECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING-- Environmental-- Waste Management.
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| Subject
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Urban runoff-- Management.
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| Dewey Classification
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628/.21
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| LC Classification
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TD657.R67 2014
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| NLM classification
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TEC010020bisacsh
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