| Document Type
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BL
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| Record Number
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879532
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| Main Entry
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Perlmann, Joel
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| Title & Author
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America classifies the immigrants : : from Ellis Island to the 2020 census /\ Joel Perlmann.
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| Publication Statement
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Cambridge, Massachusetts :: Harvard University Press,, 2018.
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, ©2018
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| Page. NO
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viii, 451 pages :: illustration ;; 25 cm
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| ISBN
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0674425057
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: 9780674425057
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| Bibliographies/Indexes
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Includes bibliographical references (pages 409-438) and index.
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| Abstract
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When more than twenty million immigrants arrived in the United States between 1880 and 1920, the government attempted to classify them according to prevailing ideas about race and nationality. But this proved hard to do. Ideas about racial or national difference were slippery, contested, and yet consequential--were "Hebrews" a "race," a "religion," or a "people"? As Joel Perlmann shows, a self-appointed pair of officials created the government's 1897 List of Races and Peoples, which shaped exclusionary immigration laws, the wording of the U.S. Census, and federal studies that informed social policy. Its categories served to maintain old divisions and establish new ones. Across the five decades ending in the 1920s, American immigration policy built increasingly upon the belief that some groups of immigrants were desirable, others not. Perlmann traces how the debates over this policy institutionalized race distinctions--between whites and nonwhites, but also among whites--in immigration laws that lasted four decades. Despite a gradual shift among social scientists from "race" to "ethnic group" after the 1920s, the diffusion of this key concept among government officials and the public remained limited until the end of the 1960s. Taking up dramatic changes to racial and ethnic classification since then, America Classifies the Immigrants concentrates on three crucial reforms to the American Census: the introduction of Hispanic origin and ancestry (1980), the recognition of mixed racial origins (2000), and a rethinking of the connections between race and ethnic group (proposed for 2020). --
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| Subject
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United States.-- History.
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Etats-Unis.
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United States.
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| Subject
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Ethnic groups-- Classification-- History.
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Ethnic groups-- Political aspects-- United States-- History.
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Race-- Classification-- History.
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Race-- Political aspects-- United States-- History.
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Emigration and immigration-- Government policy.
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Ethnicité-- Classification-- États-Unis-- Histoire.
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Race relations-- Political aspects.
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Race-- Classification-- États-Unis-- Histoire.
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Race-- Political aspects.
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Relations interethniques-- Aspect politique-- États-Unis.
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| Subject
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United States, Emigration and immigration, Government policy, History.
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United States, Race relations, Political aspects, History.
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États-Unis, Émigration et immigration, Politique publique, Histoire.
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États-Unis, Recensement, Évaluation.
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| Subject
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United States.
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| Dewey Classification
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325.73
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| LC Classification
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JV6483.P45 2018
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JV6483.P45F76 2018
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| Parallel Title
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From Ellis Island to the 2020 census
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