A Modern Look at Freedman's Box Model

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" A Modern Look at Freedman's Box Model "
Sun, Dennis L; Alfredo, Joseph

Document Type	:	AL
Record Number	:	937683
Doc. No	:	LA0h38g1n8
Language of Document	:	English
Main Entry	:	Sun, Dennis L; Alfredo, Joseph
Title & Author	:	A Modern Look at Freedman's Box Model [Article]\ Sun, Dennis L; Alfredo, Joseph
Title of Periodical	:	Technology Innovations in Statistics Education
Volume/ Issue Number	:	12/1
Date	:	2019
Abstract	:	This paper revisits the box model, a metaphor developed by David Freedman to explain sampling distributions and statistical inference to introductory statistics students. The basic idea is to represent all random phenomena in terms of drawing tickets at random from a box. In this way, random sampling from a population can be described in the same way as everyday phenomena, like coin tossing and card dealing. For Freedman, box models were merely a thought experiment; calculations were still done using normal approximations. In this paper, we propose a more modern view that treats the box model as a practical simulation framework for conducting inference. We show how concepts in introductory statistics and probability classes can be motivated by simulating from a box model. To facilitate this simulation-based approach to teaching box models, we developed an online, open-source ''box model simulator''.