Seedling damage and mortality of conifer plantations on transitory ranges in northern and central Id...

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" Seedling damage and mortality of conifer plantations on transitory ranges in northern and central Idaho "
Graham, Russell T.; Kingery, James L.

Document Type	:	AL
Record Number	:	942921
Doc. No	:	LA2d28p44r
Language of Document	:	English
Main Entry	:	Graham, Russell T.; Kingery, James L.
Title & Author	:	Seedling damage and mortality of conifer plantations on transitory ranges in northern and central Idaho [Article]\ Graham, Russell T.; Kingery, James L.
Title of Periodical	:	Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference
Volume/ Issue Number	:	14
Date	:	1990
Abstract	:	A combination of factors are responsible for mortality in conifer plantations. Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) were planted on 3 transitory ranges in northern and central Idaho. These plantations were followed closely (sampling up to 7 times per year) for 6 years recording the causes of mortality and damage to the tree seedlings. Pocket gophers (Thomomys spp.) killed the most trees (71%) while nonanimal causes killed 21%. Elk (Cervus elaphus) and deer (Odocoileus spp.) killed a maximum of 9%, and cattle (Bovine spp.) killed a maximum of 4%. Pocket gophers caused the most reduction in height growth. The combination of factors caused excessive damage and mortality at all study locations, completely destroying one plantation.